3. CALYCOCÁRPUM, Nutt. Cupseed.
Sepals 6, petaloid. Petals none. Stamens 12 in the sterile flowers, short; anthers 2-celled. Pistils 3, spindle-shaped, tipped with a radiate many-cleft stigma. Drupe globular; the thin crustaceous putamen hollowed out like a cup on one side. Embryo foliaceous, heart-shaped.—Flowers greenish-white, in long racemose panicles. (Name from κάλυξ, a cup, and καρπός, fruit.)
1. C. Lyòni, Nutt. Leaves large, thin, deeply 3–5-lobed, cordate at the base; the lobes acuminate; drupe an inch long, black when ripe; the shell crested-toothed on the edge of the cavity.—Rich soil, Ky. to S. Ill. and Kan., and southward. May.—Stems climbing to the tops of trees.
Order 5. BERBERIDÀCEÆ. (Barberry Family.)
Shrubs or herbs, with the sepals and petals both imbricated in the bud, usually in two rows of 3 (rarely 2 or 4) each; the hypogynous stamens as many as the petals and opposite to them; anthers opening by 2 valves or lids hinged at the top. (Podophyllum is an exception, and Jeffersonia as respects the sepals in one row.) Pistil single. Filaments short. Style short or none. Fruit a berry or a pod. Seeds few or several, anatropous, with albumen. Embryo small, except in Berberis. Leaves alternate, with dilated bases or stipulate.
[*] Petals and stamens 6. Fruit few-seeded.
1. Berberis. Shrubs, with yellow flowers and wood; a pair of glandular spots on the base of each petal. Fruit a berry.
2. Caulophyllum. Herb, with greenish flowers; petals thick, much shorter than the sepals. Ovary soon bursting; the two seeds left naked.
3. Diphylleia. Herb with white flowers; petals much longer than the sepals. Berry 2–4-seeded.
[*][*] Petals 6–9. Stamens 8–18. Fruit many-seeded. Herbs.