7. J. setifórmis, Ehrh. Erect or ascending, dichotomous; leaves toothed at base, 3–4-cleft, the lobes ovate-oblong, acute, channelled; underleaves ciliate-dentate at base, deeply bifid, the divisions lanceolate, acuminate; involucral leaves more toothed than the cauline; perianth terminal, oval, plicate.—Alpine summits of N. H. (Oakes). (Eu.)
[*][*] Underleaves wanting.
[+] Leaves 2-toothed; involucral leaves 2–4-cleft.
8. J. alpéstris, Schleich. Stems creeping, crowded, bifid-branching, the ends ascending; leaves semi-vertical, ovate subquadrate, obliquely toothed, the teeth unequal, acute or mucronulate, distant; involucral leaves wider, 2–3-cleft; perianth twice as long, oblong, smooth, the mouth complicate; capsule oval.—Alpine region of N. H. (Oakes). (Eu.)
9. J. ventricòsa, Dicks. Stems dense, close-creeping, branching from beneath; leaves semi-vertical, subquadrate, mostly flat, broadly and acutely emarginate-bidentate, often bearing globules; involucral leaves larger, round, erect-spreading, 3–4-cleft, subdentate; perianth ovate, inflated, narrowly complicate above; capsule oval.—On the ground and rotten wood in the mountains, and far northward; common. (Eu.)
10. J. Wallrothiàna, Nees. Minute, blackish; stems creeping, strongly rooting, subsimple; leaves clasping, semi-vertical, closely imbricate, ovate-quadrate, concave, obtusely bidentate with an obtuse sinus, or acute in the upper leaves; involucral leaves larger, erect, connate at base, 3-toothed, wavy-plicate; perianth oval-cylindric, plicate and subdentate, pellucid, reddish below.—On coarse sand in the White Mts. (Oakes). (Eu.)
[+][+] Leaves bifid or 2-lobed, the ventral lobe often inflexed or subcomplicate; involucral leaves merely toothed, except in n. 11.
11. J. láxa, Lindb. Widely creeping, mostly simple, usually purplish-black; leaves imbricate, or distant on the erect fertile stems, 2–3-lobed, the lobes obtuse, wavy; cells very large, lax; involucral leaves 2, wide, short, cristate-undulate, obtusely many-lobed; perianth exserted, long-clavate, sub-plicate above, minutely ciliate. (J. polita, Aust.; not Nees.)—Among Sphagnum near Closter, N. J. (Austin).
12. J. excìsa, Dicks. Stems closely creeping, short, subsimple, rather rigid; leaves semi-vertical, erect-spreading, pellucid, roundish, with straight acute lobes and deep obtuse sinus; involucral leaves erect, quadrate, usually 4–5-toothed; perianth erect, oblong, pale, banded and spotted with pink, plicate above, irregularly denticulate.—Sterile grounds in open woods; common. (Eu.)
Var. críspa, Hook. Leaves round-quadrate, closely imbricate, deeply and obtusely 2–3-cleft; involucral leaves 3–4-cleft, connate at base, subserrate. (J. intermedia, Lindenb.)—In crevices of rocks, N. Y. and N. J. (Austin). (Eu.)