[184] Hartnett, op. cit. [note [175]], page 132; J. K. Crellin, op. cit. [note [33]], pages 127-134.
[185] Andrew H. Smith, “An Artificial Leech,” Medical Record, volume 4 (1869-70), page 406.
[186] In addition to the references below, articles on artificial leeches include Dr. Montain, “Considérations thérapeutiques sur l’emploi du pneumo-derme, nouvel instrument destiné à remplacer les sangsues et les ventouses,” Bulletin Général de thérapeutique, volume 11 (1836), pages 311-315; J. J. Tweed, “A Description of the Apparatus for Employing the Mechanical Leeches,” Medical Times, volume 21 (1850), pages 36-37; and Samuel Theobald, “An Improved Method of Applying the Artificial Leech,” American Journal of Medical Science, new series, volume 70 (1875), pages 139-142.
[187] Sarlandière, “Ventouse,” Dictionnaire des sciences médicales, volume 57 (Paris, 1821), pages 174-178; Paulet, “Bdellometre,” Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales, series 1, volume 8 (Paris, 1868), pages 632-633; L. Gresely, “Dissertation sur les sangsues, le nouveau scarificateur, et sur leur emploi en médecine” (Paris: Faculty of Medicine, 1820), dissertation no. 202.
[188] Robley Dunglison, Medical Lexicon: A New Dictionary of Medical Science, 3rd edition (Philadelphia, 1842). The bdellometer was listed in later editions of this dictionary throughout the nineteenth century.
[189] Damoiseau, La terabdelle ou machine pneumatique operant a volonté la saignée locale et la revulsion aux principales regions du corps humains (Paris, 1862), 60 pages. See also Gaujot and Spillman, op. cit. [note [49]], pages 194-195.
[190] L. Wecker, “De la sangsue artificielle (modéle du baron Heurteloup), et de son emploi dans le traitment des maladies des yeux.” Bulletin général de thérapeutique médicale et chirurgicale, volume 62 (1862), pages 107-116. For price information, see Caswell, Hazard & Co. (W. F. Ford), Illustrated Catalogue of Surgical Instruments and Appliances (New York, 1874), page 18. An example of Heurteloup’s leech as well as a larger, modified Heurteloup’s leech can be found in the collection of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
[191] Smith, op. cit. [note [185]], page 406; Tiemann, op. cit. [note [144]], page 116; Patent specifications, U.S. patent 100210. An example of this artificial leech can be found in the collection of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
[192] Tiemann, op. cit. [note [144]], page 506.
[193] William Reese, “Uterine Leech and Aspirator,” Medical Record, volume 11 (1876), page 596.