Woman and Socialism - August Bebel

Errors in punctuation have been corrected.

No changes to the numerical figures and words in the text, including those with inconsistent hyphenation and variant spellings, have been made except those listed below. Changes involving footnote markers and table column headings have been made based on the 62nd German edition (published 1973).

[Page 25], “goddesses” changed from “godesses” (goddesses Astarte, Demeter); “Isis” from “Iris” (Latona, Isis, Frigga).
[Page 26], “Andombies” changed from “Audombies” (Andombies on the Congo).
[Page 28], “antiquity” changed from “anitquity” (states of antiquity); “necessitated” from “ncessitated” (necessitated special knowledge).
[Page 34], “Thesmophoria” changed from “Thermophoria” (celebration of the Thesmophoria).
[Page 36], “Eumenides” changed from “Euminedes” (the Eumenides reply).
Page 40, marker for [footnote [13] was inserted (by Aristophanes,[13]).
[Page 43], “Athens’” changed from “Athen’s” (Athens’ greatest rival); “across” from “acros” (across the Taygetus).
[Page 44], “Isis” changed from “Iris” (Egyptian festivals of Isis).
[Page 48], “furthermore” changed from “furthemore” (can furthermore be gathered); “Araucanians” from “Araunanians” (among the Araucanians).
[Page 49], “Tarnowsky” changed from “Tarnowsgy” (Tarnowsky was told).
[Page 52], “Nabataeans” changed from “Nabastaeans” (Nabataeans, an Arabian tribe); “Rechabites” from “Rachebites” (Among the Rechabites).
[Page 53], “trampled” changed from “trampeled” (and trampled upon).
[Page 54], “adulteriis” changed from “adultriis” (lex Julia de adulteriis).
[Page 59], “neighbor’s” changed from “neighbors” (that is his neighbor’s).
[Pages 73–74], “praiseworthy” changed from “praisworthy” (this praiseworthy town).
[Page 74], “maintenance” changed from “maintainance” (maintenance of brothels).
[Page 93], “harassing” changed from “harrassing” (harassing and persecution); “intellectual” from “intellectuel” (their intellectual horizon).
[Page 97], “develop” changed from “devlop” (to develop normally).
[Page 98], “knowledge” changed from “konwledge” (we decry knowledge).
[Page 104], “Mill” changed from “Mills” (John Stuart Mill says in regard).
[Page 105], “Atheneum” changed from “Antheneum” (fragments of ‘Atheneum’).
[Page 111], “Mill” changed from “Mills” (John Stuart Mill says: “Men).
[Page 116], “twenty” changed from “tweny” (be twenty and).
[Page 127], “strata” changed from “starta” (and other strata).
[Page 134], “471,519” changed from “471-519” (and 471,519 in 1899).
[Page 136], “illegitimate” changed from “illigitimate” (their illegitimate relations); “thirtieth” from “thirthieth” (attained the thirtieth year); “Constantinople” from “Contanstinople” (In 1872 at Constantinople).
[Page 137], “2236” changed from “22236” (from 1902 to 1906, 2236).
[Page 138], “interdite” changed from “enterdite” (paternité est interdite); “conçu pendant” from “concupendant” (L’enfant conçu pendant).
[Page 139], “retrogressive” changed from “retogressive” (a retrogressive one).
[Page 140], “abortions” changed from “obortions” (of criminal abortions).
[Page 148], “characteristics” changed from “charactecistics” (that these characteristics).
[Page 150], “equally” changed from “equaly” (are equally ignorant).
[Page 153], “physician” changed from “physican” (the physician must).
[Page 154], “characteristics” changed from “charecteristics” (differences and characteristics).
[Page 155], “than” changed from “that” (more women than men).
[Page 157], table, supplied missing first comma in “174,914,119”.
[Page 165], “revolution” changed from “revolntion” (a complete revolution).
[Page 169], “lowered” changed from “lowerred” (has been somewhat lowered); “pensioners” from “pensioneers” (pensioners with their families).
[Page 171], second table, “925” changed from “225”; “1008” from “008”.
[Page 174], “strongly” changed from “stongly” (particularly strongly at).
[Page 175], “innate” changed from “inate” (an innate vice).
[Page 176], the sentence “But they do not draw ... conditions.” is bold only up to “different” in the original.
[Page 182], “associates” changed from “asociates” (everyone who associates).
[Page 188], “afflicted” changed from “afflcted” (afflicted with this disease); “secrets” from “secets” (reveal their secrets).
[Page 189], “tournament” changed from “tournamentt” (eel-catching tournament).
[Page 192], “Buenos” changed from “Buneos” (and Buenos Ayres); inserted “to” in “paid to the agents”.
[Page 201], “désignés” changed from “designés” (ils seront désignés); “Aucune” from “Aucunne” (Aucune autre qualification).
[Page 203], “Bertillon” changed from “Bertillion” (Bertillon claims, that).
[Page 205], “appalling” changed from “apalling” (reveal appalling facts).
[Page 206], “increased” changed from “in creased” (have increased by).
[Page 207], “about” changed from “abo t” (about one-fifth); “gonorrhoea” from “gonorrheoa” (about one-fifth, become diseased with gonorrhoea); “unmarried” from “unmaried” (of unmarried life).
[Page 208], “Russia” changed from “Rusia” (Russia, 40.5); changed periods in “121.55” and “121.94” from commas (in 1905 121.55 cases and in 1906 121.94 cases).
[Page 211], table, supplied missing period in “61.1”.
Page 212, table, [footnote marker [126] inserted after row heading “United States of America”.
Page 213, [footnote marker [128] inserted after “to the entire population.”
Page 213, [table] column heading, “persons” changed from “person” (Of 100 persons gainfully employed).
[Page 215, first table], “−” sign before “162,049” changed from “+” sign; supplied unclear fifth digit “9” in “180,690”; supplied missing third digit “9” in “179,153”.
[Page 215, second table], row heading “Independent” changed from “Indepent”.
[Page 215, third table], supplied respective second, third, and fifth column headings “1907”, “1895”, and “%”; changed period in “21.77” from comma.
[Page 217], first table, supplied heading “1901” for third column; “manufacture” changed from “manufacfacture” (manufacture of machinery).
[Page 218], “good” changed from “goed” (a good wage).
[Page 219], table, data “2.0” changed from “0.6”.
[Page 224], “$6” changed from “$4” ($3.75 to $6).
[Page 225], second table, fifth row, supplied missing period in “$2.50”.
[Page 229], “preceded” changed from “preceeded” (preceded by an operation); “paraffine” from “peraffine” (quinine, soda, paraffine).
[Page 230], “degeneration” changed from “deegneration” (increase of immorality, degeneration); “mortality” from “morality” (and infant mortality).
[Page 232], “object” changed from “obejct” (object of hatred).
[Page 242], “narrow-chested” changed from “narow-chested” (small, narrow-chested).
[Page 247], “narrower” changed from “narower” (narrower vascular system); “possesses” from “possessses” (that he possesses).
[Page 248], “would” changed from “wonld” (would not differ).
[Page 249], “Gauss” changed from “Ganss” (famous mathematician Gauss).
[Page 250], “independent” changed from “dependent” (independent of one another).
[Page 252], “otherwise” changed from “othrwise” (what otherwise remains).
[Page 258], “make” changed from “maks” (so they make desperate efforts).
[Page 261], “Abyssinia” changed from “Abysinnia” (India, Abyssinia, Persia).
[Page 262], “dentistry” changed from “dentristry” (medicine and dentistry); “enumerated” from “ennumerated” (were already enumerated); “the” from “they” (that the girls’ colleges).
[Page 266], “successor” changed from “successer” (appointed his successor).
[Page 273], “admitted” changed from “admited” (unmarried women were admitted).
[Page 279], “patriarchal” changed from “patriarchial” (the patriarchal superiority).
[Page 281], “Ursins” changed from “Ursin” (Princess of Ursins).
[Page 289], “organized” changed from “orgainzed” (the territory was organized).
[Page 293], “administration” changed from “adminstration” (in the administration of schools).
[Page 296], “same” changed from “asme” (and be elected to same); “British” from “Birtish” (the British colony).
[Page 297], “permitted” changed from “permittel” (permitted to exercise).
[Page 299], “possessions” changed from “possesions” (and no possessions); “favor” from “faver” (compels them to favor).
[Page 305], “reorganization” changed from “reorgainzation” (A thorough reorganization).
[Page 309], “subsistence” changed from “subsistance” (of its means of subsistence).
[Page 313], “$” inserted before “1,215,000,000”; “million” changed from “milion” (16 to 20 million men); in “uncontrollable and indirigible”, “uncon” not bold in the original.
[Page 316], “committed” changed from “commited” (worst crimes are committed).
[Page 317], “penalties” changed from “penalities” (with severe penalties).
[Page 321, first table], supplied missing “9” in column heading “1895”; supplied missing second to the last “1” in “2,338,511”; supplied missing period in “121.46”; supplied missing comma in “432,491”; supplied missing second “7” in “477,695”.
[Page 321, second table], supplied missing second “6” in “26,386,537”.
[Page 325], “number” changed from “uumber” (we find that their number).
[Page 327], “Wurtemberg” changed from “Wurtemburg” (excluding Bavaria, Wurtemberg).
[Page 327], second table, supplied third column heading “Commercial”. This heading reads “Darunter gewerbliche” in the German 62nd edition.
[Page 336], inserted “per cent.” in “84.3 per cent. of all taxpayers”.
[Pages 336–337], syllable “in” in “income of more than ... taxpayers” is not bold in the original.
[Page 338], “insidiously” changed from “insiduously” (and insidiously disparaging).
[Page 346], “wherever” changed from “whereever” (But wherever the control).
[Page 348], “affect” changed from “effect” (affect the peasant as well).
[Page 349], “affected” changed from “effected” (has affected the rural districts).
[Page 354], “other” changed from “ohter” (in other districts).
[Page 357], “Windischgraetz” changed from “Windischgraatz” (Alfred Windischgraetz).
[Page 359], “humidity” changed from “humiditty” (decrease in humidity).
[Page 360], “Samara” changed from “Ssamara” (district of Samara); “Buguruslan” from “Buguruslaw” (district of Buguruslan); “Novousensk” from “Novausensk” (Nikolajewsk and Novousensk); “With” from “Wtih” (With the cutting down).
[Page 362], “meteorological” changed from “meterological” (meteorological and political); “déluge” from “deluge” (Après nous le déluge!).
[Page 366], “organization” changed from “orgainzation” (an organization is required).
[Page 367], “c’est” changed from “cèst” (L’état c’est moi); “reipublicae” from “reipublica” (Salus reipublicae suprema lex esto).
[Page 373], “possesses” changed from “posseses” (commerce also possesses).
[Page 374], “statistically” changed from “statistictlly” (been statistically determined).
[Page 375], “endeavour” changed from “endeavours” (people will endeavour).
[Page 379], “Hertzka” changed from “Hertza” (Hertzka also takes).
[Page 382], “and” changed from “nad” (institutions and appliances).
[Page 386], exchanged positions of footnote markers [219] and [220].
[Page 392], “artificially” changed from “artifically” (produced grape-sugar artificially).
[Page 396], “and” changed from “nad” (crises, and unemployment).
[Page 397], “suffice” changed from “sufficice” (would not suffice to satisfy).
[Page 399], “questions” changed from “quetsions” (one of the questions).
[Page 405], “bazaars” changed from “bazzars” (elegant bazaars).
[Page 406], supplied missing “c” in “municipalities” (for entire municipalities).
[Page 412], “124,000” changed from “124.000” (investment of 124,000 marks).
[Page 413], “Pomerania” changed from “Pommerania” (of Russia and Pomerania).
[Page 417], “oat-grinders” changed from “oat-ginders” (oat-grinders, etc.).
[Page 419], “succeeded” changed from “succeded” (succeeded in removing).
[Page 420], “than” changed from “that” (make better flour than that).
[Page 423], inserted “will” in “material will be saved”.
[Page 425], “generator” changed from “generater” (an artificial generator); “drought” from “draught” (safeguard against drought).
[Page 437], “progresses” changed from “pregresses” (human development progresses).
[Page 452], “our children capable of its real enjoyment. An edu” in “certain of obtaining ... wealth.” is not bold in the original.
[Page 453], “suppression” changed from “suppresison” (suppression of one’s); deleted duplicated “the” in “from the present point of view”.
[Page 454], “difference” changed from “dlfference” (difference of opinions).
[Page 459], “Pawlow” changed from “Pavlow” (Russian physiologist, Pawlow).
[Page 461], “measure” changed from “measue” (measure in which civilization).
[Page 465], “answer” changed from “ansewr” (we could answer); “necessary” from “necsssary” (similar necessary tasks).
[Page 470], “marriage” changed from “marirage” (hypocrites in marriage); “irrefutably” from “irrefutibly” (we have irrefutably proved).
[Page 471], “Schopenhauer” changed from “Schoppenhauer” (pessimism of Schopenhauer).
[Page 479], “principal” changed from “principle” (first, and principal means).
[Page 480], “affected” changed from “effected” (These changes especially affected).
[Page 481], “bourgeoisie” changed from “bourgoisie” (For the English bourgeoisie).
[Page 496], “reproductive” changed from “reproductiive” (on reproductive ability).
[Page 504], “commercial” changed from “commerical” (and commercial schools).
[Footnote [28], “Yves” changed from “Yoes” (Yves Guyot).
[Footnote [52], “Mayer” changed from “Meyr” (George v. Mayer).
[Footnote [69], “détruit” changed from “detruit” (empire est détruit).
[Footnote [70], table, supplied respective second and third column headings “Women” and “Men”.
[Footnote [83], “Hygiene” changed from “Hygienne” (Text Book of Hygiene).
[Footnote [84], “Th.” changed from “H.” (Th. Bade).
[Footnote [89], “Severus” changed from “Severns” (Dr. H. Severus).
[Footnote [99], “institutions” changed from “institutioons” (benefit fund institutions).
[Footnote [162], “strength” changed from “strenght” (size and strength).
[Footnote [182], “subtlety” changed from “sublety” (With that subtlety).
[Footnote [188], “mobilières” changed from “mobilièrs” (des valeurs mobilières).
[Footnote [189], “Aristotle” changed from “Aristotel” (Aristotle says).
[Footnote [206], “Rau’s” changed from “Raus’s” (first adaption of Rau’s).
[Footnote [234], “Mill” changed from “Mills” (Mill has honestly tried).
[Footnote [236], “that” changed from “tht” (that will disappear).
[Footnote [246], “Delbrueck” changed from “Delbruek” (Dr. Max Delbrueck).
[Footnote [247], “Bernthsen” changed from “Benthsen” (According to Prof. Bernthsen).
[Footnote [252], “Philosophy” changed from “Philisophy” (Philosophy of Law).
[Footnote [257], “society” changed from “socity” (society would introduce); “arbitrarily” from “arbitrarely” (arbitrarily created).
[Footnote [259], “1907” changed from “1097” (Stuttgart, 1907).
[Footnote [264], “society” changed from “socitey” (treated in bourgeois society?).

Some portions of the text that appear to be typographical errors are printed as such in the original book. A list of these possible misprints follows:

[Page 37], “gynacontis” apparent typo for “gynaiconitis” or “gynaikonitis”.
[Page 216], the sentence
It is especially noteworthy that during 1881, the year of a crisis, the number of men emparent one, since most of the wives and daughters of number of women employed increased by 80,638.
- “7,474,046” for “5,474,046”
- “4,338,123” for “4,438,123”
- “5,390,288” for “5,490,288”
- “9,071,097” for “9,039,097”
- “12,816,552” for “12,784,552”
- “13,694,160” for “11,413,892”
- “4,161,961” for “6,422,229”
- “17,856,121” for “17,836,121”
is apparent typo for
It is especially noteworthy that during 1881, the year of a crisis, the number of men employed decreased compared to 1871 by 486,540 persons and the number of women employed increased by 80,638.
In the German 62nd edition, the corresponding sentence reads “Besonders bemerkenswert ist in der Tabelle, daß, obgleich im Jahre 1881, das ein Krisenjahr war, die Zahl der beschäftigten männlichen Personen im Vergleich zu 1871 um 486.540 Köpfe abnahm, die Zahl der weiblichen um 80.638 zunahm.”
Page 323, [table], the following data are apparent typos:
[Page 387], apparently missing “an hour” or “per hour” after “speed of 201 kilometers”, “208 kilometers”, and “speed of 200 kilometers”.

It is especially noteworthy that during 1881, the year of a crisis, the number of men emparent one, since most of the wives and daughters of number of women employed increased by 80,638.

It is especially noteworthy that during 1881, the year of a crisis, the number of men employed decreased compared to 1871 by 486,540 persons and the number of women employed increased by 80,638.

Reformatted version of the [table on page 212] for narrower screens:

KEY