We have already described how in the hand with an automatic thumb, room can be left between the index and middle fingers for the handle of a spoon or fork. A direct grip can also be obtained with the hand shown in figure [147].
The hand with five automatic digits (p. [105]) is usually arranged in such a way that it is possible to hold a tumbler for drinking; but a patient with an amputation of one hand drinks with the other, and one who has lost both hands can drink with a straw.
These appliances have replaced that in which the knife or fork is attached to a block of wood which can be fitted into the palm of the hand when required. It is inconvenient to be obliged to carry these special implements about.
Raynal's fork-rest has the advantage over the last mentioned that it fits any fork. Figure [161] shows very clearly its construction and the way in which it is used. The small special attachment, which is screwed in place, is not cumbersome and can quite well be carried in the pocket; it is, however, even more convenient to have an appliance which is capable of gripping the fork directly like those described previously.
Fig. 161.—Raynal's fork rest.
Fig. 162.—The termination of the forearm is a hemispherical piece of metal, furnished with a screw into which screw at will the hand, the hook or the ring.
2. Appliances for Workmen.—All the appliances that are attached to the arms in place of the artificial hand for performing various kinds of work are elaborated from two simple forms: the hook and the ring (for catching hold and carrying a parcel, for holding a handle, etc.). A glance at figure [162] will show the nature of these and the way in which they are used. But it will also be understood that if the simple ring and hook are useful for equally simple purposes they are altogether insufficient for skilled labourers whose work entails a certain special adroitness, e.g. joiners, locksmiths, agricultural labourers, etc.
Many makers have realised this and have devised very ingenious implements, some of which we reproduce, though we are obliged to limit ourselves to certain types, for they can be varied in countless ways according to the needs of particular cases. The same workman, as we have already said, may have several appliances which he uses in turn as he needs them in the course of his work.