[104:1] Mr. Gladstone’s testimony is that no real improvement was effected until within the period of his own memory. ‘Our services were probably without a parallel in the world for their debasement.’ (See Gleanings, vi. p. 119.)

[106:1] There is a copy in the library of the Athenæum, London: “A Relation of Three Embassies from his sacred Majestie Charles ii. to the Great Duke of Muscovie, the King of Sweden, and the King of Denmark. Performed by the Right Hoble the Earle of Carlisle in the Years 1663 and 1664. Written by an Attendant on the Embassies, and published with his Lordship’s approbation. London. Printed for John Starkie at the Miter in Fleet Street, near Temple Barr, 1669.”

[109:1] “I have mentioned the dignity of his manners.... He was at his very best on occasion of Durbars, investitures, and the like.... It irritated him to see men giggling or jeering instead of acting their parts properly.”—Life of Lord Dufferin, vol. ii. p. 317.

[116:1] Hist. MSS. Com., Portland Papers, vol. iii. p. 296.

[116:2] See above, vol. iii. p. 294.

[118:1] Sir Walter Besant doubted this. See his London.

[123:1] Mr. Goldwin Smith says this was the first pitched battle between Protection and Free Trade in England.—The United Kingdom, vol. ii. p. 25.

[126:1] Being curious to discover whether no “property” man raised his voice against these measures, I turned to that true “home of lost causes,” the Protests of the House of Lords; and there, sure enough, I found one solitary peer, Henry Carey, Earl of Dover, entering his dissent to both Bills—to the Judicature Bill because of the unlimited power given to the judges, to the Rebuilding Bill because of the exorbitant powers entrusted to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen to give away or dispose of the property of landlords.

[128:1] Clarendon’s Life, vol. iii. p. 796.

[129:1] Clarendon’s Life, vol. iii. p. 798.