119. If this product ²¹/₃₂ is to be multiplied by a third fraction, for example, by ⁵/₉, the result is, by the same rule, ¹⁰⁵/₂₈₈; and so on. The general rule for multiplying any number of fractions together is therefore:
Multiply all the numerators together for the numerator of the product, and all the denominators together for its denominator.
120. Suppose it required to multiply together ¹⁵/₁₆ and ⁸/₁₀. The product may be written thus:
| 15 × 8 | , and is, | 120 | , |
| 16 × 10 | 160 |
which reduced to its lowest terms (109) is ¾. This result might have been obtained directly, by observing that 15 and 10 are both measured by 5, and 8 and 16 are both measured by 8, and that the fraction may be written thus:
- 3 × 5 × 8
- 2 × 8 × 2 × 5.
Divide both its numerator and denominator by 5 × 8 (108) and (87), and the result is at once ¾; therefore, before proceeding to multiply any number of fractions together, if there be any numerator and any denominator, whether belonging to the same fraction or not, which have a common measure, divide them both by that common measure, and use the quotients instead of the dividends.
A whole number may be considered as a fraction whose denominator is 1; thus, 16 is ¹⁶/₁ (106); and the same rule will apply when one or more of the quantities are whole numbers.
EXERCISES.
| 136 | × | 268 | = | 36448 | = | 18224 | |||
| 7470 | 919 | 6864930 | 3432465 | ||||||
| 1 | × | 2 | × | 3 | × | 4 | = | 1 | |
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | |||||
| 2 | × | 17 | = | 2 | |||||
| 17 | 45 | 45 | |||||||
| 2 | × | 13 | × | 241 | = | 6266 | |||
| 59 | 7 | 19 | 7874 | ||||||
| 13 | × | 601 | = | 7813 | |||||
| 461 | 11 | 5071 | |||||||