183. Hence, if four numbers be proportional, they are also proportional in any other order, provided it be such that similar terms still remain similar. For since, when

a = c ,
bd

it follows (181) that ad = bc, all the proportions which follow from ad = bc, by the last article, follow also from

a = c .
bd

184. From (114) it follows that

1 + a = b + a ,
bb
and if a be less than 1,
b
1 - a = b - a ,
bb
while if a be greater than 1,
b
a - 1 = a - b.
bb