"From themselves no reformer seemed likely to arise. Their canonized virtue of filial piety was perverted and abused as the grand support of despotism. But it is in this state of perplexity and despondency that we turn to survey the present movement, its chief actors, and its accomplished results; and beholding we admire, and admiring we thank God for what our eyes are privileged to see."

FOOTNOTES:

[4] This strong tendency of the Chinese to combine and organize is well noticed in "Impressions of China," by Captain Fishbourne, at pages 415 to 418.

[5] Alluding to the establishment of the Tartar Budhism.

[6] The badge of slavery imposed by the Manchoo Tartars upon their conquest of China.

[7] The form of head-dress and insignia of nobility introduced by the Manchoos.

[8] Referring to the elaborate and merciless laws of treason and disaffection established by the Manchoos.

[9] Wan-theen-seang would not submit to the Mongols, and was slain by Kubla Khan.

[10] One of the adherents of the Sung dynasty, who, on being seized by the Mongols, refused to eat, and so died.

[11] Killed himself when the Ming dynasty was irretrievably lost.