what implied in its idea, 652-656
has in it, beyond the natural consequences of transgression, a personal element, 652
its object not the reformation of the sufferer, 653
is the necessary reaction of divine holiness against sin, 653
is not essentially deterrent, 655
of sin is physical death, 656-659
of sin is spiritual death, 659, 660
an ethical need of the divine nature, 751
an ethical need in man's moral nature, 751
of guilty, Christ's sufferings substituted for, 752