The Passing of the Turkish Empire in Europe

by B. Granville Baker

The Turk was in the way, he proved inefficient and went under. Now that he is down it will be noticed how few friends he has.

It has been asserted that we Britons are in the way. Are we efficient? If not, who are our friends and what their worth should heavy troubles come upon us by our own fault?

THE END

INDEX

[A], [B], [C], [D], [E], [F], [G], [H], [I], [J], [K], [L], [M], [N], [O], [P], [R], [S], [T], [U], [V], [W], [Y], [Z]

Abbasid Caliphs, [159]
Abdul Hamid, [225]
Abu-dekr, [55], [158]
Abul Abbas, [162]
Acacius, [72]
Academies, [152]
Achmet, Grand Vizier, [211]
Achmet, son of Bajazet, [195]
Achmet II, [213]
Achmet III, [217]
Acholius, Bp., [80]
Ada Kalé, [324]
Adjé Bey, [170]
Adrianople, [44], [110], [171]
Ahmedyeh Achmet, Mosque of, [68], [102], [103]
Akindji, Irregular Light Horse, [165]
Al Mamun, [159]
Ala-ed-din, [164]
Albanians, The, [242], [271]
Alcibiades, [42]
Aleppo, Battle at, [197]
Alexander the Great, Sarcophagus of, [50]
Alexander John I, [25]
Alexander I of Servia, [285]
Alexander von Battenberg, [285]
Alexius, [65], [135]
Ali Pasha of Janina, [173], [223], [243]
Almoraivids of Spain, The, [160]
Amron, Omar’s General, [158]
“Amselfeld,” The, [174], [289]
Amurath I, [54], [170]
Amurath II, [66], [179]
Amurath III, [105]
Amurath IV, [208]
Amycus, King of the Bebryces, [37]
Anatoli Hissar, [38]
Anatoli Kavak, [30]
Anatolian peasants, [149]
Andronicus, Emperor, [166]
Anemas, Tower of, [135]
Angelus, Tower of Isaac, [135]
Angora, Defeat of Bajazet at, [177]
Anthony of Thebais, [94]
Apsimar, [74]
Arab power, Rise of the, [146]
Arabs, The, [96]
Arcadius, [60]
Armatoles, [237]
Armenian Church, The, [85]
Armenians, The, [85], [266]
Armistice, An, [319]
Armoury, The, [57]
Army, Bad organization of the Turkish, [153]
Army of Mohammed IV, [211]
Army, Roumania’s, [27]
Army, Selim’s, [203]
Arslan, son of Thogrul, [160]
Art in Constantinople, [51], [156]
Arsena Clan, The, [145]
Ashikian, Patriarch, [270]
Athenians, The, [42]
At-meïdan, [71]
Atrium of Justinian, The, [53]
Attila, [119]
Augsburg, [198]
Austria and Roumania, [26]
Austrian railway carriages, [19]
Avari, The, [22], [42], [52]
Azab’s Light Infantry, [165]
Badajoz, Espionage at, [34]
Baikal, The Turks at Lake, [146]
Bairam, Feast of, [44]
Bajazet, [55], [174]
Baker Pasha, Valentine, [140]
Baldwin, [20], [116], [298]
Balkan Peninsula, Peoples of the, [260]
Baltaoghli, Admiral, [130]
Balukli, Legend of the Monastery of, [258]
Barbarossa, [19], [66], [161]
Banat, The, [22]
Basil “Bulgaroktonos,” [115]
Bathory, Stephan, [183]
Bears in Roumania, [26]
Beikos, [37]
Bela I of Hungary, [160]
Belgrade, [32], [181], [213]

Benedictines, Order of, [159]
Bentinck, Sir Thomas, [66]
Beshiktash, [39]
Bessarabia, Russia and, [25]
Block-houses, System of, [110]
Blue and Green Factions, [72]
Bondelmontius, [50]
Boniface IX, Pope, [175]
Boris, King, [95]
Bosnia, [222]
Bosphorus, The, [29];
temples, [30];
Anatoli Kavak, [30];
Roumeli Kavak, [30];
the Kruli, [30];
Scutari, [30];
Goths, [30];
Russians, [30];
Genoese, [31];
Venetians, [31];
Giant’s Mtn., [31];
grave of Joshua, [31];
Therapia, [37];
Beikos, [37];
Castles, [38];
the Golden Horn, [39];
Stamboul, [40];
hospital at Scutari, [40]
Brancovan of Wallachia, [23]
Brancoviç, George, [182]
Brigandage, [237]
British and Turkish Empires, [156]
Broussa, [163]
Bucharest, [27];
Treaty of, [283]
Buda-Pesth, Capture of, [199]
Bulgaria, [22];
and Roumania, [27], [44];
conquest by, [111];
defeated by Basil, [115];
defeat the Greeks, [136], [173], [236], [294]
Büyük Chekmedje, Lake, [138]
Byzantium, Foundation of, [41]
Byzas, Founder of Byzantium, [40], [41]
Caliphate, The, [97], [146]
Calderon, Valley of, [196]
Calo, John, [298]
Camoens, [38]
Candia, Capture of, [212]
Candilli, The, [104]
Cannon, Urban’s, [127]
Cantacuzene, [24]
Cantomir of Moldavia, [23]
Capistran, Johann, [78]
Caraccioli, [205]
Carlowitz, Treaty of, [216]
Carmania, Prince of, [170]
Carpathians, [20]
Castles on the Bosphorus, [38]
Cerestes, Battle at, [207]
Cervantes, [205]
Characteristics, National, [109]
Charlemagne, [52]
Chakir, [159]
Chalcedon, [40];
Council of, [86]
Charles V, [56], [66], [198]
Charles XII of Sweden, [217]
Charles of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen, [25]
Chatalja, [111], [136]
Chavannes, [145]
Chazars, Khan of the, [73]
Cheironeia, Battle of, [263]
Chinese and Turks, The, [145]
Christians, Freedom of, [163]
Chroseos, King of the Persians, [42]
Chrysopolis, [30]
Chrysostom, [60], [84]
Cicala Pasha, [207]
Clement VII, [173]
Cracow, [19]
Crimea, The, [42]
Crum, King, [115]
Crusades, The, [78], [161]
Cœur-de-Lion, Richard, [161]
Cologne Cathedral, [114]
Comnena, Anna, [134]
Comnenus, Manuel, [134]
Colonies, Roman, [21]
Columbus, [194]
Constanza, [27]
Constantine Copronymus, [114]
Constantine, The Castle of, [42]
Constantine XI, [184]
Constantine the Great, [42], [80]
Constantine, Prince, [93]
Constantinople, a city of contrasts, [44];
its buildings, [51];
Seraglio, [51];
seven hills, [51];
beauties of, [51-2];
streets, [121];
capture of, [128], [178];
siege of, [180];
capture of, [185]
Constantius, [50], [60]
Convents, [95]
Corvinus, Matthias, [193]
Count of Flanders, The, [25]
Courtesy of the Turk, [155]
Cypresses, The, [124]
Cyprus, Capture of, [204]
Cyril, [95]
Dacia Trajana, [20]
Dacians, [20], [260]
Damascus, [158]
Dandolo, Doge, [43], [65]
Danielis and Basil, [115]
Danilo II, [288]
Dashnaktsutian Secret Society, [270]
Decebal, [21]
Decebalus, King, [260]
Dedo ’Mitri, [301]
De Lisle, Adam, [199]
Demosthenes, [42]

Diarbekr, [197]
Djem, Prince, Bajazet’s brother, [192]
Dobrutsha, Roumania and the, [25]
Dogs, [103]
Don Juan of Austria, [204]
Doria, Andrea, [205]
Doria, Admiral, [66]
Druses of Lebanon, The, [206]
Ducas, the Byzantine chronicler, [39]
Dundas, Murder of, [163]
Dürkö or Turk, [145]
Ecbatana, [158]
Edirné Kapou, [133], [152]
Egri Kapou, The, [135]
Elizabeth, Queen, [66], [205]
Eudoxia, Empress, [84]
Eugène, Prince, [216]
Eutychius, [64]
Eyub, Mosque of, [97]
Famimit Caliphs, [160]
Fauna of Roumania, [26]
Ferdinand, Archduke, [200]
Ferdinand the Catholic, [194]
Ferdinand, King, [93], [120]
Finns, [22];
treatment of, by Ivan the Cruel, [204]
Firaz Agha, [38]
Fires, [106]
Flanders, Counts of, as Emperors, [43]
Forests of Roumania, [26]
Francis I, [56], [199]
Galata, [31], [39], [46]
Galatz, [20]
Gallipoli, Capture of, [170], [180]
Gazi Hassan, [218]
Gennodius, [54], [252]
Genoese, The, [31];
fleet of, in the Golden Horn, [39], [129], [169]
Gepidi, The, [21], [264]
Ghasi Fasil, [170]
Ghaznevids of Afghanistan, [158]
Ghevout, King, [267]
Ghika, the cats’-meat man, [24]
Ghoureha, or Foreign Horse, [165]
Giant’s Mtn., [31]
Giougen, or Jwen-jwen, The, [145]
Gipsies, The, [22], [132]
Giustiniani, [131]
Golden Gate, The, [113]
Golden Horde, The, [162]
Golden Horn, The, [39]
Golubaç, [282]
Goths, The, [21], [30], [110], [263]
Grand Viziers, [210]
Grant, Johannes, [134]
Gratian, [114]
Gratitude of the Turk, [154]
Great Britain and Turkey, [121], [217]
Greek Music, [244]
Greek Orthodoxy, [54]
Greek Patriarch, The, [236]
Greeks, The, [43], [44];
defeated by the Bulgarians, [13], [235], [238], [244]
Gregory IV, [159]
Gueshof, M., [95]
Gutenberg, Meister, [193]
Hadrian, [110]
Haiasdan, [266]
Halki or Khalki Hills, [52]
“Hamidieh,” The, [148]
Hamals, [122]
Haroun-al-Raschid, [159]
Hasandshan, [198]
Hassam Fehoni, Murder of, [227]
Hassan, the Giant of Ulubad, [131]
Hellenes, The, [233]
Henry IV of Germany, [160]
Henry VIII, [56]
Heraclius, [114], [146]
Heraklea, [30]
Hermanstadt, [181]
“Heroön,” The, [102]
Heruli, The, [30]
Herzegovina, [222]
Hieron, Straits of, [30]
Hilmi Pasha, [227]
Hippodrome, The, [63]
Hiung-nu, The, [145]
Hormisdas, Palace of, [116]
Hospitality of the Turk, [156]
Hospitals, [153]
Humdi Bey, [51]
Hungarians, [22], [264]
Hungary, Invasion of, [176], [199]
Huns, The, [21], [264]
Hunyadi Janos, [23], [175], [181]
Hussars, The, [166]
Hussein, Grand Vizier, [216]
Ibrahim, [209]
Ibrahim or Kara Gehennin, [220]
Ibrahim Pasha, [243]
Ignatius, [91]
Illyrians, The ancient, [260]
Intellect of the Turk, [156]
Invasion of Turkey, The, [231]
Iranians, The, [145]
Irene, Empress, [52]

Iron Gates, The, [20]
Isabella of Castile, [194]
Isidore, Cardinal, [128]
Islam, Advance of, [96], [147], [186]
Ismail, Shah, [195]
Issa, son of Bajazet, [179]
Ivan the Terrible, [204]
Janissaries, The, [74], [113], [203], [213], [216], [219]
Japheth, Descent from, [143]
Jenghiz Khan, [161]
Jesuits, The, [198]
Jews and Turks, [226]
Joachim III, His Holiness, [251]
John II of Portugal, [194]
John V, Emperor, [169]
John VII, [134]
Joseph, Exarch of Bulgaria, [313]
Joshua, The Mtn. of, [31]
Julian, Cardinal, [182]
Justin, [72];
and the Turkish envoys, [146]
Justinian and Theodora, [72]
Kaim, Caliph, [160]
Kanson-Ghauri, [197]
Kapodistrias, M., First President of the Hellenes, [235]
Kara George, [220]
Kara Mustapha, Grand Vizier, [210], [212]
Kemal-Reis, [194]
Kerko Porta, The, [134]
Kerkoud, Battle at, [218]
Khairreddin Barbarossa, [66], [148], [201]
Khaled, Arab general, [158]
Khourrem, [56]
Kiamil Pasha, [227]
Kilia, Fort of, [30]
Kirk Kilisse, Battle of, [315]
Klephts, [238]
Knjes Lazar, [23]
Kochana Massacres, The, [231]
Koepri Hissar, Attack on, [163]
Koiridocastron, [169]
Koran, The, [189]
Korkoud, son of Bajazet, [195]
Kossova, [23], [78];
Battle of, [174]
Kumani, The, [22]
Kumanovo, Battle of, [315]
Kunobitza, Mt., Victory at, [182]
Kurdistan, [197]
Kurds, The, [268]
Kütshük Agia Sofia, [103]
Ladislaus, King, [182]
Lalashahin, General, [171]
Lazar, King, [174]
Lazarevitch, King Stephen, [174]
Lemnos, [53]
Leo X, Pope, [56]
Leo the Isaurian, [57]
Leonardo da Vinci, [194]
Leontius, General, [73]
Lepanto, [205]
London, Conference in, [322]
Louis of Hungary, King, [199]
Lüle Burgas, Debacle of, [150]
Luther, [90], [193]
Lycus, Valley of the, [116], [127]
Macchiavelli, [194]
Magyars, [160], [213]
Mahmoud I, [217]
Mahmoud II, [220]
Mahmud, Sultan, [159]
Mahmud of Ghazin, [160]
Mahpeiker, Sultana, [208]
Malcolm III, [160]
Mamelukes, The, [195]
Manuel Palæologus, [178]
Marble Tower, The, [112], [137]
Marco Colonna, [204]
Maritza, Valley of the, [120], [172]
Marmora, Sea of, [53];
Arabs on the, [146]
Marsovan, The College of, [270]
Massacre of Shiites, [56]
Massacres of Armenians, [270]
Massacres of Kotchana, [313]
Masud, [160]
Maximilian, Emperor, [204]
Maximus, [113]
Mazeppa, Hetman, [217]
Medical organizations, [122]
Medici, The, [193]
Mediterranean, Solyman’s successes in the,

[201]
Melik Shah, [161]
Methodius, [95]
Michael the Brave, [23]
Michael Palæologus, [116]
Mihrama, Mosque of, [133]
Milan Obrenoviç, [285]
Milosh Kabilovitch, [174]
Milosh Obrenoviç, [222]
Mohacz, Battle at, [199], [213]
Mahommed the Conqueror, [43], [102]
Mahommed the Conqueror, Sons of, [55]
Mohammed I, [38]

Mohammed II, [38], [113], [116], [184]
Mohammed III, [206]
Mohammed IV, [210]
Mohammed V, [224]
Mohammed, son of Amurath, [182]
Mohammed, son of Bajazet, [179]
Mohammed Kiüprilü, [210]
Mohammed’s plank road, [39]
Moldavia, [20], [22]
Mollahs and Imams, Influence of, [190]
Mompseueste, Gates of, [113]
Monasticism, [94]
Monastir, Capture of, [290]
Montenegrins, The, [44], [288]
Morean Rebellion, [243]
Morsiney, Elizabeth, [175]
Moses of Koren, historian, [295]
Moslems and Christians, [226]
Mosques of Constantinople, [102]
Mufti, The, [191]
Murder a factor of Oriental policy, [55]
Murder of unbelievers, The, [121]
Musa, Prince, son of Bajazet, [178]
Museum, The, [50]
Mustapha II, [215]
Mustapha the drunkard, [209]
Mustapha the Pretender, [180]
Mustapha, son of Suleiman, [56]
Myrtché, Prince of Wallachia, [174]
Mysore, The Maharajah of, [165]
Nadir Derbena, Passes of, [173]
Nadir, Shah, [218]
Nasreddin Effendi, Stories of, [141]
Navarino, [221], [243]
Navy, Roumania’s, [27];
Turkish, [37], [148], [218]
Nemanya, The House of, [279]
Niazi Bey, [227]
Nicæa, [83];
Council of, [57];
capture of, [166]
Nicephorus Phocas, [52], [67], [113]
Nicholas I, Pope, [92]
Nicholas of Montenegro, [287]
Nicopolis, Siege of, [176]
Nightingale, Florence, her hospital, [40]
Nissa, Capture of, [172]
Nomad Turks, [158]
Odenatus, [30]
Officers, Turkish, [149]
Oglou, Michael, [200]
Oil-fields in Roumania, [27]
Omar, [55], [158]
Orchan, son of Othman, [97], [163], [166]
Orsova, [20]
Orthodox Greek Church, The, [25], [238]
Osman Pasha, [25]
Othman, [55], [97], [162]
Othman’s Scimitar, [164]
Othman II, [208]
Oulou Jedji, The, [165]
Ouloudjé, Admiral, [205]
Palace of the Porphyrogenitus, [133]
Palæologi, The, [116]
Paris, Convention of, [24]
Parker, E. H., [145]
Parthians, The, [261]
Passarowitz, Peace of, [217]
Passvan Oglou of Vidin, [224]
Patriarch, Armenian, [86]
Patriarch, Greek, [54]
Pausanias, [50]
Pehlevan (Mohammed I), [179]
Peloponese, The, [234]
Pentecost, Feast of, [44]
Persia and the Arabs, [146]
Persians, The, [42]
Peter, Bishop, [83]
Peter the Great of Russia, [23], [217]
Peterwardein, Battle at, [213]
Petroviç, George, [283]
Petschenegs, The, [22]
Phanar, The, [89]
Philip of Macedon, [42]
Photius, [91]
Pialé the Croat, [201]
“Pleureuses, Les,” [50]
Plevna, [25]
Poland, War with, [208]
Polish Jews and Austrian railway carriages, [19]
Pope Alexander Borgia, [55]
Pravadi, Capture of, [174]
Prince’s Islands, The, [41]
Prinkipo Island, [52]
Printing press, The, [193]
Proverbs, [142]
Pruth, [23];
Battle on the, [217]
Przemysl, [19]
Pultowa, [217]
Pydna, Battle of, [263]
Raab, Battle on the, [211]
Radoïl, [305]
Railway carriages, Austrian, [19]

Rassia, [279]
Red Crescent, The, [50], [122]
Refugees, Turkish, [71], [120]
Rhodes, The Knights of, [193]
Riches of Roumania, [26]
Robert College, [95], [297]
Rodosto, [149]
Roe, Sir Thomas, [208]
Roland the Paladin, [52]
Roman Legionaries, The, [21]
Roman Pontiff, Influence of the, [91]
Romanies, [22]
Romanus II, [31], [67]
Romanus IV, Defeat of, [160]
Roumania and Austria, [25];
richness of, [26];
fauna, [26];
Bucharest, [27];
its position of danger, [27];
oilfields, [27];
navy, [27];
Constanza army, [27]
Roumanian railways, [19]
Roumanians, Descent of the, [21]
Roumeli Hissar, [38]
Roumeli Kavak, [30]
Roxalana, [56]
Russian influence, [241]
Russians, The, [30], [43]
Safiyé, Sultana, [205]
St. Bacchus, [103]
St. Diomed, Monastery of, [115]
St. George, Church of, [133]
St. George of Mangane, [95]
St. Gothardt, Monastery of, [211]
St. Gregory the Illuminator, [266]
St. Irene, Church of, [57]
St. Michael the Archangel, Church of, [31]
St. Romanus, Gate of, [129]
St. Sergius, [103]
St. Sophia, Mosque of, [55], [60], [131]
San Stefano, [137], [150];
Conference at, [25]
St. Ursula, [114]
Saladin, [161]
Sala Mustapha, [204]
Salm, Count, [201]
Samakov, [305]
Samanid Dynasty, The, [159]
Samarkand, [177]
Sanjaks, [191]
Saracens, The, [96]
Sarcophagi, Beautiful, [50]
Sava Savof, General, [294]
Saxons in Turkey, [135]
Scanderbeg the Albanian, [183]
School of Art, The, [51]
Scutari, [30], [288];
Hospital at, [40];
The Pasha of, [224]
Scythians, [20], [261]
Seadeddin, historian, [172]
Segrud, [63]
Selim, son of Bajazet, [195]
Selim I, [55]
Selim II, [57], [203]
Selim III, [219]
Seljuk Dynasty, The, [159]
Semendria, [32], [282]
Seraglio, The, [51]
Seraglio Point, [39], [41]
Seraskierat, The, [153]
Serbs, The, [23], [236]
Serpents, Bronze, [71]
Servia, [44], [174], [183]
Servian Army, The, [286], [289], [292]
Seven Hills of Constantinople, The, [51]
Seven Ionian Islands, The, [242]
Severus, [113]
Sheikh-ul-Islam, The, [51]
Shias, The, [195]
Shiites, The, [55]
Shinitza, The, [174]
Shio, Battle of, [218]
Shumla, Surrender of, [173]
Sigismund, King of Hungary, [175]
Silihdar, Horse of Mysore, The, [165]
Simeon, son of Boris, [95]
Simeon, Tsar, [136], [297]
Sisvan, King, [172]
Sitvatorok, Peace of, [207]
Slankamen, Battle at, [214]
Slavs, [22], [235], [264], [277]
Smederovo, [195]
Sobieski, [213]
Sokoli, Grand Vizier, [204]
Soldiers, Wounded, [49]
Solyman, [169], [198]
Solyman, son of Bajazet, [178]
Solyman II, [213]
Songs, [142]
Spahis, The, [165]
Spartans, The, [42]
Spy, A suspected, [32], [34]
Stahremberg, Count, [213]
Stamboul, [40]
Stenia, [31]
Stephan Dushan, [23]
Stephen, Zupan of East Servia, [279]
Styria, Invasion of, [176]
Sublime Porte, The, [49], [157]
Suleiman, [56]

Sultan Oeni, [160]
Sunnis, The, [195]
Sutri, Council of, [160]
Sutton, Sir Robert, [217]
Sword of Othman, The, [98]
Szeggedin, Treaty of, [182]
Szigath, Siege of, [202]
Tabriz, [196]
Tamerlane, [22], [176]
Tartars, [22]
Telegraph, Effect of the, [224]
Temesvar, Battle at, [216]
Temples on the Bosphorus, [30]
Theodora, [169]
Theodoric, [72]
Theodosius, Fortress of, [113]
Theodosius, Wall of, [39], [111]
Theodosius I, [80]
Theodosius II, [50], [60], [85], [127]
Theophane, [67]
Theophanes, [31]
Theophilus, [50], [84], [115]
Therapia, [37]
Thracians, [20], [260]
Thogrul, [159]
Tiridales, [266]
Tirnova, Capture of, [173]
Tobacco, Introduction of, [207]
Topal Osman, General, [217]
Top Kapousi, [119]
Towers on the city walls, [113], [119]
Trajan, [20]
Trajan’s Wall, [27]
Transylvania, [22]
Trebizond, [42]
Tsarigrad, [93]
Tsars of Muscovy, The, [204]
Tshelebi (Mohammed I), [179]
Tsigani, The, [22]
Turkish soldiers, [58]
Turks, The rise of the, [97]
Turn Severin, [21]
Ukraine, Turks defeated in the, [212]
Urban, The Hungarian, [127]
Urban, Pope, [96]
Urban V, Pope, [171]
Urban VI, Pope, [173]
Üsküb, [93]
Urudsh, [66]
Valens, [80]
Validé, Sultana, [210]
Valideh, Mosque of, [46]
Varangians, The, [135]
Varna, [148];
Battle near, [182]
Vasag, [181]
Vasco da Gama, [194]
“Vatan,” [226]
Venetians in the Bosphorus, [31]
Venice, [31];
fleet of, in the Golden Horn, [32];
Doge Dandolo, [43], [169]
Veniero, Admiral, [205]
Veterani, Austrian General, [215]
Vidin, [25]
Vienna, Siege of, [212]
Vilayets, The, [224]
Vlachs, The, [265], [274]
Vladikas, The, [287]
Voivods, [23]
Von der Gotz, Field-Marshal, [286]
Von Moltke, Count, [221]
Vuk Brancoviç, [181]
Wallachia, [22]
Walls, The city, [111]
Walls of Theodosius, [116]
Warships on the Bosphorus, Foreign, [40]
Western women as nurses, [154]
Wild cat in Roumania, The, [27]
William of Normandy, [160]
Wittekind, Duke of the Saxons, [52]
Yedi Koulé, [112]
Yermak the Cossack, [204]
Yoglan Bey, [176]
Young Turks, The, [227]
Ypsilanti, Alexander, [343]
Zapolya, [200]
Zimisces, John, [67], [116]
Zizimes, [55]

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