[9]. In this connection it may be observed that the vacancy in the quorum of the Twelve, occasioned by the apostasy of Judas, was filled (Acts i: 24-26). Paul, too, though not in the original Twelve was an Apostle, and so subscribes himself in nearly all his letters. Clement of Alexandria, an elder and writer of the second century, calls Clement of Rome, the "Apostle Clement." Though whether this is meant in a rather loose sense or because he had been ordained such by one of the apostles—for he was an associate of both Peter and Paul—does not appear. (Philip iv: 3.)
[10]. See epistle of Clement to the Corinthians.
[11]. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist., Cent. iv, Bk. ii, Part ii, ch. ii. See also his remarks on the government of the church in Cent. iii and ii.
[12]. The bishops of Jerusalem, in the 5th century, also contended for and at last secured the title of Patriarch. (Mosheim's E. Inst., Cent. v, Part ii, ch. ii.)
[13]. Mosheim's Eccl. Inst., Cent. iii, Part ii, ch. ii.
[14]. See pp. 21, 22.
[15]. Schlegel among them.
[16]. Mosheim's Eccl. Inst., Cent. iv, Part ii, ch. ii.
[17]. Intellectual Development of Europe, Vol. i, p. 359. Draper remarks also that "the children arising from these associations do not appear to have occasioned any extraordinary scandal."—Ibid.
[18]. The above quotation is taken from the third and fourth books on "The Providence of God," by Salvian.