[13] Gibbon, viii. p. 242.
[14] Von Hammer, ii. p. 379.
[15] Sir Edwin Pears, Destruction of the Greek Empire, p. 217.
[16] The four pages which Gibbon devotes to a description of this attempted union of the two Churches are masterpieces of irony and scorn (Gibbon, viii. pp. 287-91).
[17] The writer, in 1890, had the advantage of viewing what remained of these walls in the company of Sir Edwin Pears, who has fully described them in his admirable account of the great siege.
[18] Stone balls of considerable size were used by the Turks to defend the Dardanelles up to a late date. When in 1855 the writer visited the forts there, he observed that they were still provided for some of the guns.
[19] Speech of Mahomet recorded by the historian Christobulus, quoted by Sir Edwin Pears, pp. 323-4.
[20] Quoted by Pears, p. 303.
[21] Von Hammer, vii. p. 4.
[22] Sir T. Roe’s Embassy, pp. 66-7.