[33] These legends, shown to be aboriginal, are very curious. They are, however, too long to be extracted here. They would repay perusal.
[34] Mr Max Müller also says (“Chips,” ii. p. 41)—“It should be observed that most of the terms connected with the chase and warfare differ in each of the Aryan dialects, while words connected with more peaceful occupations belong, generally, to the common heirloom of the Aryan language,” which proves “that all the Aryan nations had led a long life of peace before they separated, and that their language acquired individuality and nationality, as each colony started in search of new homes,—new generations forming new terms connected with the warlike and adventurous life of their onward migrations. Hence it is that not only Greek and Latin, but all Aryan languages have their peaceful words in common.” Also vide p. 28, 29.
[35] I find this conjecture confirmed in the pages of the most recent authority on the subject, Mr Brace, “Ethnology,” p. 13, 14—“On the continent of Asia the Turanians were probably the first who figured as nations in the ante-historical period. Their emigrations began long before the wanderings of the Aryans and Semites, who, wherever they went, always discovered a previous population, apparently of Turanian origin, which they either expelled or subdued.” According to Max Müller’s hypothesis there were two migrations, one northern and one southern [corresponding to the migration as above], “the latter settling on the rivers Meikong, Meinam, Irrawaddy, and Bramapootra,” ... “a third to the south [probably an advance of the previous one], is believed to tend toward Thibet and India, and in later times pours its hordes through the Himalaya, and forms the original population of India.” Analogy may be discovered in “the two streams or lines of Celtic migration,” which, says Bunsen (“Philosophy of Univ. Hist.” i. 148) “we may distinguish by the names of the Western and Eastern stream, the former, although the less direct, seems to be historically the more ancient, and to have reached this country (Britain) several centuries before the other.”
[36] I am throughout assuming acquaintance, on the part of my readers, with the third and fourth of Cardinal Wiseman’s “Lectures on Science and Revealed Religion;” for although my argument is distinct from that of the Cardinal, yet I everywhere regard his argument as the background and support of my position; and it is, moreover, part of the aim and intention of this work to show that the general ground and framework (this is, in fact, understating the truth) of Cardinal Wiseman’s argument remains intact. There is, I think, somewhere in the Cardinal’s works, a passage to the above effect, but I have not been able to recover it.
[37] If space allowed, I think the traditional lines might be indicated as plainly from the philological as from the ethnological point of view.
[38] “According to the sacred law-book, entitled the Ordinances of Menu, the Creator, that the human race might be multiplied, caused the Brahmin, Cshatriya, the Vaisya, and the Sudra (so named from Scripture, protection, wealth, and labour), to proceed from his mouth, arm, thigh, and foot.”—Brit. Ency. The “Fatimala,” a Sanskrit work on Hindu castes, says, “the other, i.e., the Sudra, should voluntarily serve the three other tribes, and therefore he became a Sudra; he should humble himself at their feet.”
[39] Homer’s expression (Od. i. 23, 24), that the Ethiopians divided in twain, were the most remote of men—
“Ἀθίοπας, τοὶ διχθὰ δεδαιαται ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν,
Οἱ μεν δυσομγένοι ’Υπερίονος οἱ δ’ ἀνίοντος,”
approximates to the scriptural phrase, and seems to imply a wider dispersion than is suggested by Professor Rawlinson, i. 59.