December 12, 1894.


[CONTENTS.]

CHAPTER PAGE
I.The Aryan Races1
II.A Classification of European Political Bodies8
III.Greek Political Institutions. Heroic Monarchies23
IV.Sparta37
V.The Greek Cities57
VI.Aristotle's Classification of Polities99
VII.The Achæan League114

ERRATUM.

Page 14, line 21, for empires read empire.


[CHAPTER I.]

THE ARYAN RACES.

It is proved by similarities in the languages of the European peoples and the Hindus and the Persians that they had in some sense a common origin. It is not indeed probable that they are sprung from the same parents: but their ancestors once formed a group of closely associated peoples who lived beside one another as neighbours and used either the same language or dialects of the same language. The peoples which had in this sense a common origin comprise all those that belong to the stocks of the Hindus, the Persians, the Celts, the Greeks, the Italians, the Teutons and the Slavs, and are known collectively as the Aryans or as the Indo-European peoples.