At the dawn of this twentieth century we see the future of mankind through a glass darkly, but if we study the state of the coloured people who are shaking themselves free from the law of custom, we may see it almost face to face. Race prejudice does not die as hard as one would think. The Portuguese of the sixteenth century were ready enough to court as "Emperor of Monomotapa" a petty Bantu chieftain into whose power they had fallen; and the English beachcomber of the forties who, when he landed, called all natives "niggers" with an expletive prefix, might very soon be found playing body-servant to a Fijian chief, who spoke of him contemptuously as "My white man." In tropical countries the line of caste will soon cease to be the colour line. There, as in temperate zones, wealth will create a new aristocracy recruited from men of every shade of colour. Even in the

great cities of Europe and America we may find men of Hindu and Chinese and Arab origin controlling industries with their wealth, as Europeans now control the commerce of India and China, but with this difference—that they will wear the dress and speak the language which will have become common to the whole commercial world, and as the aristocracy of every land will be composed of every shade of colour, so will be the masses of men who work with their hands. In one country the majority of the labourers will be black or brown; in another white; but white men will work cheek by jowl with black and feel no degradation. There will be the same feverish pursuit of wealth, but all races will participate in it instead of a favoured few. The world will then be neither so pleasant nor so picturesque a place to live in, and by the man of that age the twentieth century will be cherished tenderly as an age of romance, of awakening, and of high adventure. The historians of that day will speak of the Victorian age as we speak of the Elizabethan, and will date the new starting-point in the history of mankind from the decay of the law of custom.

CONTENTS

CHAP.PAGE
INTRODUCTION[vii]
I.THE TRANSITION[1]
II.THE AGE OF MYTH[4]
III.THE AGE OF HISTORY[21]
IV.CONSTITUTION OF SOCIETY[56]
V.WARFARE[85]
VI.CANNIBALISM[102]
VII.RELIGION[111]
VIII.POLYGAMY[172]
IX.FAMILY LIFE[175]
X.THE MARRIAGE SYSTEM[182]
XI.CUSTOMS AT BIRTH[206]
XII.CIRCUMCISION AND TATTOOING[216]
XIII.THE PRACTICE OF PROCURING ABORTION.[221]
XIV.THE INSOUCIANCE OF NATIVE RACES[228]
XV.SEXUAL MORALITY[233]
XVI.EPIDEMIC DISEASES[243]
XVII.LEPROSY (VUKAVUKA OR SAKUKA)[255]
XVIII.YAWS (THOKO)[270]
XIX.TUBERCULOSIS[277]
XX.TRADE[280]
XXI.NAVIGATION AND SEAMANSHIP[290]
XXII.PHYSICAL POWERS[297]
XXIII.ATTITUDES AND MOVEMENTS[299]
XXIV.TRAITS OF CHARACTER[304]
XXV.SWIMMING[316]
XXVI.FISHING[320]
XXVII.GAMES[328]
XXVIII.FOOD[334]
XXIX.YANKONA (KAVA)[341]
XXX.TOBACCO[352]
XXXI.THE TENURE OF LAND[354]
XXXII.CONCLUSION[387]
INDEX[391]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

BREADFRUIT[Frontispiece]
DESCENDANTS OF TONGAN IMMIGRANTS PERFORMING THE TONGAN DANCE LAKALAKATo face page[22]
BRINGING FIRST FRUITS TO MBAU"[60]
BUILDING A CHIEF'S HOUSE"[70]
SPOIL FROM THE PLANTATIONS—(TARO, COCOANUTS AND YANGKONA)"[78]
PAINTING A TAPA SHROUD"[130]
SERUA, AN ISLAND CHIEF VILLAGE IN THE MBAKI COUNTRY"[154]
THE MBURE-NI-SA (CLUB HOUSE)"[176]
WOMEN FISHING WITH THE SEINE"[212]
A WAR DANCE"[286]
THE THAMAKAU"[290]
THE HAIR PLASTERED WITH BLEACHING LIME"[302]
THE CHIEF'S TURTLE FISHERS"[320]
SLAUGHTERING THE TURTLE"[326]
BREWING YANGKONA"[344]
PICKING COCOANUTS"[364]