MULES AFTER MALLEINING.
Malleining is a serum test to determine if the animal is suffering from glanders.
The baling plant at New York in the calendar year 1918 shipped to France approximately 1,000,000 bales of clothing and textile and other equipment that could be baled. The saving in money to the United States Government by this method of packing at this one plant in a single year amounted to approximately $55,000,000. The largest item in this economy was the matter of cargo space, which is estimated at $49,080,000 saved to the Government. The complete statement of the financial saving in the shipment of these 1,000,000 bales is as follows:
| Material | $1,940,000 |
| Labor | 583,000 |
| Tare weight | 75,000 |
| Cargo space | 49,080,000 |
| Total | 51,678,000 |
| To these savings are to be added: | |
| Savings effected in rent and maintenance | 700,000 |
| Freight to the shipping warehouses | 490,000 |
| Rent of additional warehouse awaiting shipment | 30,000 |
| Freight from warehouse to ship side | 1,250,000 |
| Re-cooperage | 200,000 |
| Unloading at the forwarding stations | 1,000,000 |
| Total | 3,670,000 |
| Grand total | 55,348,000 |
In addition to the financial saving there was a large saving in raw materials, which count for more than money to a nation engaged in a desperate war. This million bales of clothing saved 58,000,000 board feet of lumber, which would have been used in boxing had the old system of packing been followed. The lumber which might have gone into these boxes requires 30 years for its growth, but the burlap covering the bales was made of jute, which is raised in semiannual crops.
The size of the bale adopted was 30 by 15 by 14 inches and up to 19 inches. It is interesting to note that this size was determined upon because it was found that the burlap covering such bales of this size would cut into sandbags with a minimum amount of waste material. The Army abroad used great quantities of sandbags. Thus, by wrapping bales in burlap pieces of proper size, there was saved a considerable amount of cargo space previously occupied by baled burlap being shipped to France to be made into sandbags. It is also notable that baled clothing arrived in France in much better condition than clothing which had been packed in cases.
HORSES AND MULES.
The Quartermaster Corps was charged with the duty of providing horses and mules for the Army. This function is known technically as remount, and the buying of horses was in the hands of the remount division.