Preambles to resolutions and laws are usually begun with “Whereas.” After this word a comma is sometimes heedlessly inserted, although the introductory word is not followed by a parenthetic clause. We append the most improved forms for punctuating and capitalizing preambles, resolves, and provisos:
Whereas the present national interest in the matter of the American fisheries has, &c.—Cong. Record, July, 11, 1888.
Whereas, owing to the sudden demise of the secretary, no notice was given of the receipts of the plans, etc.:
Resolved, That the whole matter be referred to a committee: Provided, [or Provided however,] That the whole expense shall not exceed, etc. {p82}
The semicolon should be placed before as, in an enumeration of particulars following a general statement; thus:
Many proper names admit of convenient contractions; as Jno., Wm., Benj., Jas., Chas.
But when as is not preceded by a general or formal statement, no point is necessary unless as is followed by a parenthetic clause; as:
Such names as John, Benjamin, William, admit of convenient contractions.
Some fishes, as, for instance, the cod, delight in cold baths, and are never found in water above 40° Fahr., unless in care of the cook.
But in liberal pointing, the commas before and after “for instance” would be omitted.