a) Italians. First mentioned in the records 1836.
| Total to 1862 | 209 | |
| Total to and including 1915 | 1,348,777 |
b) Portuguese. First noted in 1837.
| Total to and including 1915 | 977,524 |
c) Spaniards. First noted 1841.
| Total to 1868 | 274 | |
| Total to and including 1915 | 470,107 |
[39] Dr. Ernst Wagemann, of the Kolonialinstitut, Hamburg, recently estimated the German population of Espirito Santo at 20,000-30,000, according to statements by W. Münzenthaler, German Consular-General in Rio.
[40] The above estimates refer to conditions at the end of 1915. The estimate for the total population of the country for that year was 23,000,000.