a. Masculines and feminities have -ium in the genitive plural and -īs or -ēs in the accusative plural.

b. Neuters have -ī in the ablative singular, and an -i- in every form of the plural.

[243.] Masculine and Feminine I-Stems. Masculine and feminine i-stems are declined as follows:

caedēs, f., slaughterhostis, m., enemyurbs, f., citycliēns, m., retainer
Stemscaedi-hosti-urbi-clienti-
Basescaed-host-urb-client-
SingularTERMINATIONS
M. AND F.
Nom.caedēshostisurbscliēns1-s, -is, or -ēs
Gen.caedishostisurbisclientis-is
Dat.caedīhostīurbīclientī-ī
Acc.caedemhostemurbemclientem-em (-im)
Abl.caedehosteurbecliente-e (-ī)
Plural
Nom.caedēshostēsurbēsclientēs-ēs
Gen.caediumhostiumurbiumclientium-ium
Dat.caedibushostibusurbibusclientibus-ibus
Acc.caedīs, -ēshostīs, -ēsurbīs, -ēsclientīs, -ēs-īs, -ēs
Abl.caedibushostibusurbibusclientibus-ibus

1. Observe that the vowel before -ns is long, but that it is shortened before -nt. Cf. [§ 12. 2, 3].

1. avis, cīvis, fīnis, ignis, nāvis have the ablative singular in -ī or -e.

2. turris has accusative turrim and ablative turrī or turre.

[244.] Neuter I-Stems. Neuter i-stems are declined as follows:

īnsigne, n., decorationanimal, n., animalcalcar, n., spur
Stemsīnsigni-animāli-calcāri-
Basesīnsign-animāl-calcār-
SingularTERMINATIONS
Nom.īnsigneanimalcalcar-e or—
Gen.īnsignisanimāliscalcāris-is
Dat.īnsignīanimālīcalcārī-ī
Acc.īnsigneanimalcalcar-e or—
Abl.īnsignīanimālīcalcārī-ī
Plural
Nom.īnsigniaanimāliacalcāria-ia
Gen.īnsigniumanimāliumcalcārium-ium
Dat.īnsignibusanimālibuscalcāribus-ibus
Acc.īnsigniaanimāliacalcāria-ia
Abl.īnsignibusanimālibuscalcāribus-ibus

1. Review [§ 74] and see how it applies to this declension.