[20.] The place to which is expressed by ad or in with the accusative. Before names of towns, small islands, domus, and rūs the preposition is omitted. [§§ 263], [266].
[21.] Duration of time and extent of space are expressed by the accusative. [§ 336].
[22.] Verbs of making, choosing, calling, showing, and the like, may take a predicate accusative along with the direct object. With the passive voice the two accusatives become nominatives. [§ 392].
Ablative Case
[23.] Cause is denoted by the ablative without a preposition. This answers the question Because of what? [§ 102].
[24.] Means is denoted by the ablative without a preposition. This answers the question By means of what? or With what? [§ 103].
[25.] Accompaniment is denoted by the ablative with cum. This answers the question With whom? [§ 104].
[26.] The ablative with cum is used to denote the manner of an action. Cum may be omitted, if an adjective is used with the ablative. This answers the question How? or In what manner? [§ 105].
[27.] With comparatives and words implying comparison the ablative is used to denote the measure of difference. [§ 317].
[28.] The ablative of a noun or pronoun with a present or perfect participle in agreement is used to express attendant circumstance. This is called the ablative absolute. [§ 381].