d, f, g, j, q, r, s.
The remaining letters are sounded as in Spanish.
The parts of speech are the same as in English. The noun is indeclinable, that is, the cases are formed solely by means of prepositions; the accusative, like the objective in English, requiring no preposition when governed by an active verb. The genders are natural, as in English, and are designated by the particle Ah, for the masculine, and Ix for the feminine, neuter nouns having no prefix; thus—
| Ah cambezah, | ... master. |
| Ix cambezah, | ... mistress. |
These monosyllables, however, are generally written simply H and X. They are often used in a pronominal sense when mention is made of any peculiarity or attribute of a living person; thus, nohoch being an adjective, signifying great, and pol a noun, meaning head, we should say—
| H nohoch pol, | ... He with the large head. |
| X nohoch pol, | ... She with the large head. |
The genders of beasts and birds are still further designated by the prefix xibil for the male, and chupul for the female.
The numbers are expressed by affixing to the substantive the particle ob, to signify the third person plural, and the personal pronouns to express the first and second persons. The adjective is, like the substantive, indeclinable; admitting only, as in English, of the variation of degrees of comparison. These are formed by doubling the last syllable, and prefixing a pronoun for the comparative; as—
| tibil, | good. | û tibilil, | his, her, or its | better. |
| noh, | great. | û nohol, | ––––––– " –––––– | greater. |
| kaz, | ugly. | û kazal, | ––––––– " –––––– | more ugly. |
| lob, | bad. | û lobol, | ––––––– " –––––– | worse. |
The prefix of u changed to y, and sounded with the adjective, when it begins with a vowel. The final syllable of all comparatives has been gradually corrupted into il or el, in the spoken language.