Washington and the American Republic, Vol. 3. - Benson John Lossing

L.

La Colombe, M. de, letter of Washington to, announcing the liberation of Lafayette, iii. [499.]
Lacy, General, orders of Washington to, for the arrest of Quakers near Valley Forge, i. 461.
Lafayette, George Washington, asylum sought by, in the United States, iii. [229;]
arrival of, in the United States, in 1795, iii. [372;]
letter of Washington to Senator Cabot, of Boston, in relation to the reception of, iii. [373;]
attempted incognito of, under the name of Motier—letter of Washington to, iii. [375;]
official notice taken of, by Congress—letter of a committee of Congress addressed to, iii. [376;]
the guest of Washington at Philadelphia and Mount Vernon—letter of Washington respecting, to his father, iii. [377;]
with Washington at Mount Vernon in 1797, iii. [479.]
Lafayette, Madame, invited by Washington to visit Mount Vernon, iii. [38;]
letter of Washington to, in 1792, iii. [226;]
letter of, to Washington, iii. [227;]
second letter of, to Washington—shares the prison of Lafayette at Olmutz, iii. [229.]
Lafayette, Marquis de, Washington's first acquaintance with, ii. 491;
vessel fitted out at the expense of, ii. 492, 493;
visit of, to London, ii. 492;
voyage of, to America, in company with De Kalb and other officers—commissioned major-general of the continental army, ii. 493;
impatience of, for actual command (note), ii. 496;
appointed to the command of an expedition against Canada, ii. 586;
hostility of Gates toward Washington discovered by, ii. 591;
escape of, from the British at Barren hill, ii. 615;
the honor of leading the advance at Monmouth solicited by, ii. 619;
departure of, for France, to procure aid for the Americans, ii. 648;
letters of Washington to, ii. 662; iii. [38], [75], [83], [164], [526;]
fruits of the secret mission of, to the court of Versailles, ii. 679;
escape of Cornwallis prevented by, ii. 730;
return of, to France, in 1781, iii. [7;]
visit of, to Mount Vernon, in 1784, iii. [42;]
jack sent to Washington by, iii. [51;]
conspicuous part taken by, in the French Revolution, iii. [115], [135;]
commander-in-chief of the National Guard in Paris, in 1789—language of, respecting the duke of Orleans, iii. [137;]
conservative influence of, iii. [138;]
key of the Bastile sent to Washington by—difficult position of, in France, in 1790, iii. [163;]
hopeful letter written by, to Washington, iii. [164;]
disappointment of, at the course of the French Revolution, iii. [184;]
letters of, in relation to his position in France, addressed to Washington, iii. [185;]
efforts of, to preserve order in France, iii. [224;]
acquitted by the National Assembly, of charges made against him by the Jacobins—attempt of, to escape to the United States, by way of Holland—in prison at Olmutz, iii. [225;]
desire of Washington to befriend the family of, iii. [226;]
Washington powerless to aid, iii. [228;]
confinement of, in an Austrian dungeon, iii. [372;]
incident showing Washington's feelings toward (note), iii. [373;]
efforts of Washington to obtain the liberation of, iii. [424;]
liberation of, from the prison at Olmutz—reply of, to De Chasteler with regard to proposed conditions of release (note), iii. [499;]
letter received by Washington from, at the close of 1798, iii. [526;]
hounds sent by, to Washington, in 1785, iii. [585.]
La Force, a meddlesome French commissary, i. 82;
energy and activity of, i. 132;
escape of, from prison at Williamsburg (note), i. 183.
Lake Champlain, efforts of Sir Guy Carleton to create a navy on, ii. 333;
naval engagement on, between Arnold and Captain Pringle, ii. 334.
"Lake of the Dismal Swamp,” lines from, i. 311.
Lamb, Captain, severely wounded in the assault upon Quebec, under Montgomery and Arnold, i. 721;
cannon removed by, from Fort George, in New York, ii. 129.
Lancaster, meeting of recruits at, iii. [26.]
Land-grants to soldiers engaged in the French and Indian War, efforts of Washington to secure, i. 356.
Langdon, President, “declaration” of Congress read by, to the troops at Cambridge, i. 617.
“Langhorne, John,” letter of condolence of, addressed to Washington in 1798, iii. [497.]
La Salle, French claims to the Ohio based on the discoveries by, i. 80.
Laurens, Colonel John, sent to Europe, to seek more aid in men and money, ii. 700;
influence with the French government of, Washington's letter to, ii. 710;
death of—biographical notice of, iii. [11.]
Laurens, Henry, treaty of peace signed by, in 1782, iii. [15.]
Lear, Tobias, secretary of Washington at Mount Vernon, iii. [49;]
Master and Miss Custis educated by, iii. [50;]
admiration of, for the private character of Washington, iii. [51;]
Washington's power to control his feelings witnessed by, iii. [194;]
use of a farm left to, by Washington, iii. [539;]
resident at Mount Vernon in 1799, iii. [551;]
account written by, of the last illness of Washington, iii. [552-557.]
Lechmere's Point, intrenchment commenced on, by Putnam, i. 764.
Ledyard, Colonel, murder of, by Major Bromfield, ii. 727.
Lee, Arthur, address of Wilkes, lord-mayor of London, written by, i. 604.
Lee, Charles, of Virginia, successor of Bradford, as attorney-general, in 1795, iii. [372.]
Lee, General Charles, talents and acquirements of, i. 542;
account of the early life of, i. 542-545;
estate purchased by, in Virginia—appointed second major-general by the second continental Congress, i. 545;
remarks of Mrs. Mercy Warren on the personal appearance of (note), i. 586;
disgust of Washington at the impiety of, i. 617;
a personal interview proposed to, by Burgoyne, at Boston Neck, i. 630;
sent to New York to disarm the tories, ii. 35;
ambition of, ii. 37;
letter of, to Washington, in relation to the Long-Island tories, ii. 38;
headquarters of, in New York, ii. 43;
appointed by Congress commander-in-chief of the southern department, ii. 82, 96;
named by Washington for the chief command of the army in Canada, ii. 95;
Washington's opinion of the military abilities of, ii. 97;
activity of, in improving the defences of New York, ii. 126;
differences of, with the city authorities of New York, ii. 130;
letters of, to Washington, in relation to the defences of New York, ii. 131, 133;
cannon removed by, from the Grand battery at New York, ii. 131;
contempt of, for official titles (note), ii. 183;
little regard paid by, to the provincial congress of New York, ii. 132, 133;
high-handed measures of, with regard to tories, ii. 134;
anxiety of, to attack Lord Dunmore on the Elizabeth river, ii. 183;
joyful reception of, in Charleston, ii. 188;
exertions of, to put Charleston in a state of defence, ii. 189;
his opinion of Fort Sullivan, ii. 190;
great deference paid to the opinions of, on military affairs—self-esteem and impertinence of, ii. 313;
instructions given by Washington to, at North Castle, ii. 324;
duplicity of, toward Washington, ii. 332;
reliance of Washington on—excuses of, for disobeying Washington's orders, ii. 341;
characteristic letter of, to James Bowdoin, ii. 342;
disingenuous use made by, of a letter from Washington (note), ii. 343;
letter written by Washington to, from Newark, ii. 344;
dislike of, to General Heath, ii. 344, 345;
letter of, to Colonel Reed, reflecting on Washington, ii. 347;
neglect of, to join Washington in New Jersey, ii. 350;
Congress in the dark concerning the movements of—impudence and heartlessness of, ii. 352;
attempt of, to disparage Washington to Governor Cook, of Rhode Island, ii. 353;
selfish ambition of, ii. 355;
urged by Washington to join him in order to defend Philadelphia, ii. 356;
found by Wilkinson at Baskingridge—ill-natured letter concerning Washington written by, to General Gates, ii. 357;
surprise and capture of, by a party of British dragoons at Baskingridge, ii. 358;
various opinions respecting the capture of—suspicions of the fidelity of, ii. 359;
capture of, providential, ii. 360;
rigorous confinement of, by the British, as a deserter, ii. 405;
letter of, to Congress, professing to have important matter to communicate—captivity of, not hard to be borne, ii. 406;
treacherous conduct of, ii. 407;
letter of Washington to General Howe, offering Hessian officers in exchange for, ii. 410;
perplexity of Howe as to what should be done with (note), ii. 411;
exchanged for General Prescott—hesitation of, to take the oath of allegiance, ii. 613;
adverse to an attack upon Sir Henry Clinton in New Jersey, ii. 618;
the command of the corps of, given to Lafayette, ii. 619;
command of his corps resumed by, ii. 620;
unaccountable retreat of, before the British—mysterious warning given to Washington with respect to Lee, ii. 623;
extreme irritation of Washington at the conduct of, ii. 624;
disrespectful letters of, to Washington, ii. 627, 628;
placed under arrest, ii. 628;
great ability of his defence, ii. 629;
suspended from all command for a year—“Queries, Political and Military,” published by (note)—letter of Washington to Joseph Reed respecting, ii. 630;
his expulsion from the army—duel fought by, with Colonel Laurens (note)—impudent letter of, to Congress (note)—curious will of (note)—death of, in 1782, ii. 631;
proved to have been a traitor, by a document recently discovered—his plan for the subjugation of the colonies, ii. 632;
willing to be a traitor to both parties, ii. 634;
guarantied against loss by Congress (note), ii. 635.
Lee, General Henry, letter of Washington to, in relation to democratic societies, iii. [313;]
commander-in-chief of the force sent to put down the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. [315;]
instructions of Washington to—proclamation issued by, after crossing the Alleghanies, iii. [319;]
enmity of Jefferson toward, iii. [421;]
funeral oration pronounced by, on the occasion of the death of Washington, iii. [566.]
Lee, Richard Henry, letter of Washington to, seeking statistical information as to Virginia, i. 413;
resolutions of sympathy with Massachusetts offered by, in the continental Congress, i. 432;
non-importation resolution offered by, in the continental Congress, i. 435;
encouraging letter of, to Washington, in camp at Cambridge, i. 597;
letter of thanks from Congress to the city of London written by, i. 605;
adverse to the constitution, iii. [77;]
letter of Washington to, in relation to the “republican" party (note), iii. [276.]
Lee, William, mulatto man, liberated by the will of Washington, iii. [536.]
L'Embuscade, arrival of Genet in, at Charleston, iii. [243;]
The Grange, an English ship, taken by, iii. [245;]
Doctor Francis on the arrival of, in New York, iii. [248;]
challenged by the British frigate Boston, iii. [277.]
L'Enfant, plans of public buildings in the federal city drawn by, iii. [178], [184;]
plans of, approved by Washington, iii. [184.]
Le Petit Democrat, a privateer fitted out by Genet, iii. [264;]
sent to sea by Genet, in violation of his pledge, iii. [267.]
Leslie, Captain, death of, at the battle of Princeton, ii. 391.
Leslie, Colonel, unsuccessful attempt of, to seize arms at Salem, i. 502.
Letters, spurious, charged to have been written by Washington, iii. [448;]
denounced by Washington, iii. [471.]
Levees, Mrs. Washington's, iii. [111], [112], [170.]
Levees of Washington, iii. [108], [109], [592.]
Lewis, Lawrence, invited by Washington to reside at Mount Vernon, iii. [483;]
marriage of, with Nelly Custis, iii. [532;]
strong personal resemblance between the mother of, and Washington, iii. [534;]
property left to, by Washington, iii. [538], [541;]
absent from Mount Vernon at the time of Washington's death, iii. [558.]
Lewis, Major Andrew, unsuccessful expedition of, to the town of the Shawnees, i. 208;
night-attack upon, by Cornstalk, i. 472;
Lord Dunmore suspected of having contrived the attack upon, i. 474;
Dunmore driven from Gwyn's island by, ii. 110;
biographical notice of (note), ii. 110.
Lewis, Mrs., testimony of, to the amiability of Washington at home, iii. [52.]
Lexington, Samuel Adams and John Hancock in danger at—warning of the approach of troops sent to, by Doctor Warren—minute-men collected at, under Captain Parker, i. 504;
minute-men killed at, by troops under Major Pitcairn—the British fired first at (note), i. 505;
losses of the British and Americans at, i. 510;
effect in England of the news of the battle of, i. 511;
the battle of, the beginning of the Revolutionary War, i. 512;
resolutions of various colonies, after the battle of, to raise troops, i. 514-517;
effect of the news of the battle of, at Mount Vernon, i. 527.
Lexington, Kentucky, intemperate resolutions passed at a convention of citizens at, in 1794, iii. [304.]
Liberty, English and French, contrasted (note), iii. [296.]
Liberty Hill Academy, shares made over to, by Washington, iii. [48.]
Liberty-tree, at Boston, account of (note), i. 416;
lines alluding to (note), ii. 75;
fourteen cords of wood furnished by, ii. 76.
Lieb, Doctor, violent attack upon the character of Washington, in the Aurora, attributed to, iii. [477.]
Life-guard, Washington's, conspiracy of several members of, against the life of Washington—organization of (note)—flag and uniform of (note), ii. 177;
Sergeant Uzal Knapp the last survivor of (note), ii. 178.
Lillington, Colonel, in command of minute-men in the battle at Moore's-creek bridge—biographical notice of (note), ii. 117.
Lincoln, General Benjamin, plan of, for driving the British fleet from Boston harbor, ii. 83;
commissioned major-general in the continental army—attempt by Lord Cornwallis to surprise, at Boundbrook, ii. 433;
in command of the republican troops in the South, ii. 650;
pursuit of General Prevost by, ii. 651;
a prisoner-of-war to the British at Charleston, ii. 673;
surrender at Yorktown conducted by, ii. 736.
Lineage of Washington traceable for six hundred years, i. 18.
Liston, Mrs., tears shed by, at Washington's farewell dinner, iii. [471.]
Litchfield jail, Connecticut, Mathews, mayor of New York, and other tories, sent to, ii. 222.
Little Egg Harbor, expedition against, under the command of Captain Patrick Ferguson, ii. 643.
Little Meadows, Washington at, in 1754, i. 101.
Little Miami, lands owned by Washington on, at the time of his death, iii. [543.]
Livery, order of Washington for, i. 196.
Live stock owned by Washington at the time of his death, iii. [544.]
Livingston, Brockholst, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. [351;]
Jay's treaty assailed by, through the press, iii. [369.]
Livingston, Chancellor, oath administered to Washington by, in 1789, iii. [94.]
Livingston, Edward, resolution offered in Congress by, demanding papers relating to Jay's treaty, iii. [391], [394;]
letter of Washington to Hamilton respecting the resolution of, iii. [394.]
Livingston, Governor, of New Jersey, letter of sympathy from, to Washington, ii. 351.
Logan, the Mingo chief, relatives of, killed, i. 472;
speech sent by, to Lord Dunmore, i. 473.
Logstown, Washington at, in 1753 and in 1770, i. 359.
London, transcript of an order of Washington to his agent in (note), i. 307;
petition of the merchants of, in relation to American affairs, i. 612.
Long Island, instructions of Washington to Putnam, relative to the seizure of tories on, ii. 158;
British troops landed on, ii. 260, 262, 263;
tories at the west end of, ordered by the New-York convention to be arrested, ii. 261;
the best of Washington's troops at the battle of, never before engaged, ii. 267;
reliance of Washington on Providence, expressed on the eve of the battle of, ii. 268;
American loss in the battle of, not accurately known—causes of the loss of the battle of, ii. 276;
evacuation of, by the American army, ii. 279;
“dreadful mistake" made by Colonel Scammel during the evacuation of, ii. 280;
evacuation of, facilitated by a heavy fog, ii. 282;
condition of the army after the battle of, ii. 284;
tour of Washington in, in 1790, iii. [162.]
Longueuil, narrow escape of Arnold from the British at, ii. 166.
Loudoun, Lord, Washington recommended to, for promotion—biographical notice of (note), i. 230;
almost viceregal power of, i. 231;
indolence and indecision of, i. 235, 240;
letter addressed by Washington to, i. 237;
flattering acknowledgment of Washington's letter to—Washington at the council held by, in Philadelphia, i. 239;
disappointment of Washington as to the results of his interview with—remark of Franklin in relation to, i. 240;
insolent speech of, in the northern council of governors, i. 247;
mystery drawn by, around his plans—at the head of six thousand provincial troops in 1757—delays and indecision of—determines upon an expedition against Louisburg, i. 248;
embargo laid by, on all ships in American ports—suspected of sharing the profits of army and navy contractors—failure of his expedition against Louisburg. i. 249;
close of his inglorious campaign in the North—superseded, in 1758, by General Abercrombie, i. 252.
Louisburg, Lord Loudoun's expedition against, in 1757, i. 248;
Amherst's expedition against, in 1758—Wolfe, Boscawen, and Montgomery, at the siege of, i. 260;
present condition of the site of the fortress of—French standards taken at, hung in St. Paul's cathedral at London, i. 262.
Louis, Colonel, a Caghnawaga chief, farewell taken of, by Arnold and others, ii. 167.
Louisiana, invasion of, contemplated by Genet, iii. [274;]
an expedition for the invasion of, in 1794, frustrated by Washington, iii. [305.]
Lovell, James, a leader of Conway's Cabal, in Congress—spirit of Conway's Cabal revealed by a letter of, to Gates, ii. 577.
Loyalists, action of Congress with regard to, ii. 92;
largely relied on by the British ministry, ii. 428.
Luzerne, Chevalier de, arrival of, at West Point, ii. 662.
Lyman, General, his share in the defeat of Dieskau, i. 182, 184.

M.

Macaulay, Mrs., History of England written by, presented by Washington to Reverend Thomas Davis, iii. [534.]
M'Crea, Jane, death of, ii. 481;
General Gates's false statement as to the manner of her death, ii. 482;
false account of the manner of her death told by Burke—popular story respecting the death of (note), ii. 483.
M'Donald, Allan, the husband of Flora, among the Scotch loyalists in North Carolina, ii. 114;
made prisoner at the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 119.
M'Donald, Donald, commander-in-chief of the loyal Highlanders in North Carolina, ii. 115;
royal ensign set up by, at Cross creek, ii. 116;
retreat of, pursued by Moore, ii. 117;
made prisoner after the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 119.
M'Donald, Flora, biographical notice of (note), ii. 114.
M'Dowell, president of the college at Annapolis, letter of Washington to, respecting young Custis (note), iii. [583.]
M'Gillivray, Alexander, head chief of the Creek Indians in 1790—made a colonel in the service of Spain, iii. [154;]
made an honorary member of the St. Andrew's Society in New York—treaty negotiated with, by General Knox, iii. [155.]
M'Ginnes, Captain, death of, i. 183.
M'Henry. James, appointed secretary of war in 1795, iii. [372;]
letters of Washington to, after his retirement to private life, iii. [480-482;]
urgency of, with Washington, to resume the command of the army, iii. [510], [513;]
despatched to Mount Vernon with Washington's commission as commander-in-chief, iii. [512;]
instructions of Adams to, on setting out for Mount Vernon (note), iii. [513;]
interview of, with Washington, at Mount Vernon, iii. [514;]
list of officers given to, by Washington (note), iii. [515;]
negligent correspondence of, as secretary of war, complained of by Washington, iii. [523;]
conference of, with Hamilton and Pinckney, respecting the provisional army, in 1798, iii. [525.]
letter of Washington to, expressing anxiety respecting his various trusts, iii. [535.]
Machias, British vessels captured at, i. 732.
Mackay, Captain, letter of Washington to Dinwiddie, in relation to the claims of, i. 115;
respect of Washington for, i. 116;
in the trenches at Fort Necessity, i. 120.
M'Kean, Chief-Justice, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. [353.]
Mackenzie, Captain Robert, correspondence of, with Washington, i. 450, 451.
Maclean, Colonel, march of, to the relief of St. John on the Sorel, i. 678;
driven back by Majors Brown and Livingston, i. 679;
arrival of, at Quebec, during the siege by Arnold, i. 701;
and his Scotch Highlanders the only reliable defence of Quebec, i. 702;
Arnold's summons to surrender disregarded by, i. 703;
stationed at Deschambault with an advanced corps, ii. 147.
M'Leod, Alexander, a leader among the Scotch Highlanders in North Carolina, ii. 115;
killed in the battle at Moore's-creek bridge, ii. 118.
M'Neare, doorkeeper of the second continental Congress, i. 528.
M'Pherson, plan of, for the destruction of the British fleet in Boston harbor, i. 748.
M'Pherson Blues, survivors of, in May, 1860 (note), iii. [568.]
Madison, a contributor to The Federalist, iii. [77;]
desire of, that Washington should remain in office, iii. [199;]
letter addressed to, by Washington, in relation to his desire to retire from public life, iii. [200;]
esteem of Washington for, iii. [232;]
resolutions of, in relation to commercial restrictions and duties, iii. [291;]
debates in Congress on the resolutions of, iii. [292;]
urged by Jefferson to attack Jay's treaty though the press, iii. [370;]
speech of, denouncing Jay's treaty, iii. [399;]
alarm occasioned by the speech of, iii. [400;]
suggestions of, used by Washington in the preparation of his Farewell Address, iii. [426.]
Magaw, Colonel, Fort Washington left in charge of, ii. 313;
his surrender of Fort Washington, ii. 331.
Malmedy, Monsieur, Washington annoyed by the importunities of, ii. 448.
Mamaroneck, attack made upon Rogers at, by Colonel Haslet, ii. 314.
Manchester, duke of, his speech in Parliament, on the evacuation of Boston, ii. 86.
Mandamus councillors obnoxious to the whigs (note), i. 427.
Manly, Captain, English store-ship captured by—brass mortar taken by, christened Congress by Putnam and Mifflin, i. 741.
Manufactures, Congress urged by Washington, in 1796, to foster, iii. [455.]
Marion, General Francis, movements of, in the South, ii. 682, 703;
repulse of, at Georgetown, on Winyaw bay, ii. 703;
camp of, on Snow's island—flight of Colonel Watson before, ii. 704.
Markoe, Captain, Washington escorted by, on his way to Cambridge, i. 574.
Marshall, John, mission to France declined by, iii. [443;]
special envoy to France in 1798, iii. [496;]
ordered to leave the territories of the French republic, iii. [504;]
death of Washington announced in Congress by, iii. [560;]
character of Washington, as given by, iii. [575.]
Martin, Governor, of North Carolina, alarm and perplexity of, ii. 111;
letter of, to General Gage, intercepted—cannon in front of the palace of, carried off by the patriots—flight of, to Fort Johnston, on Cape-Fear river—accessory in inciting a servile insurrection on Tar river, ii. 112;
flight of, on board the British sloop-of-war Cruiser—confidence of, in the loyalty of many in North Carolina—assistance expected by, from Clinton and Cornwallis, ii. 113;
proclamation sent forth by, from on board the Scorpion—commissions sent by, to the Highlanders and other loyalists in North Carolina, ii. 114;
the last royal governor of North Carolina—biographical notice of (note), ii. 120.
Maryland, government of, abdicated by Eden, ii. 184;
property owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. [543.]
Mason, George, correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to the exclusion of British merchandise, i. 347;
as a statesman (note), i. 355;
adverse to the constitution, iii. [77.]
Massachusetts, heavy taxes paid by the people of, in 1758, i. 259;
action of the British Parliament toward, i. 353;
persons charged with treason in, to be sent to England for trial—sympathy of Virginia with, i. 354;
assembly of, adjourned by Governor Bernard to Cambridge, i. 367;
committees of correspondence originated in, i. 382, 383;
oppressive measures adopted by Parliament toward, i. 389;
first steps toward revolution taken by, i. 468;
noble action of the provincial congress of, i. 501;
preparations for war made by the provincial congress of, i. 503;
general assembly of, how constituted (note), i. 623;
promptness of the militia of, in supplying vacancies in the camp at Cambridge, i. 762.
Mathews, David, mayor of New York, arrest of, i. 174;
removed from New York to Litchfield—kind treatment of, in Connecticut (note), ii. 222.
Maxims of Washington in youth, i. 37;
Chief-Justice Marshall's opinion of—remarks of Mr. Sparks respecting, i. 42.
Mazzei, Philip, letter of Jefferson to, asserting the growth of a monarchical party—biographical notice of (note), iii. [418;]
Jefferson's letter translated by, and published in Florence (note), iii. [419.]
Medal in gold ordered by Congress in commemoration of the evacuation of Boston, ii. 80.
Megantic, Lake, encampment of Arnold on the eastern shore of, i. 693.
Meigs, Lieutenant-Colonel, British stores at Sag Harbor destroyed by, ii. 439.
Melvin, James, hardships endured in Arnold's Quebec expedition described by, i. 692.
Mercer, Colonel, death of, at Oswego, i. 234.
Mercer, Doctor Hugh, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152;
at the destruction of Kittanning, i. 226;
commissioned a brigadier-general, ii. 172;
backwardness of recruits for the flying camp of, at Amboy, ii. 231;
watch to be kept by, over West Jersey, ii. 308;
night-march on Princeton led by, ii. 386;
attacked by Colonel Mawhood at Princeton, ii. 387;
left for dead in a bayonet-charge of Mawhood's men, ii. 388;
biographical notice of (note), ii. 391.
Merchandise, British, refusal of the colonists to purchase, i. 322, 333;
associations with the object to exclude, i. 347, 355;
views of Washington on the exclusion of, i. 347;
letter of George Mason to Washington, on the exclusion of, i. 350.
Mercier, Chevalier de, architect of Fort Duquesne, i. 98.
Methodist Church, early opposition of, to slavery, iii. [152.]
Middlebrook, camp of Washington established at—strength of the army at, ii. 443;
ample equipments of the army at—vigilance of Washington when at, ii. 444;
forces concentrated by Washington at, ii. 450;
anxiety of General Howe to draw Washington from his camp at, ii. 451;
perplexity of Washington at, with regard to the movements of the British, ii. 454, 455;
Captain Graydon's account of a visit to the American army at, ii. 457;
headquarters of Washington at, in 1778, ii. 645.
Mifflin, Thomas, urgency of, though a Quaker, to resort to arms if necessary, i. 460;
invited for the first time to a council of war, ii. 61;
commissioned brigadier-general by Congress, ii. 157;
appointed major-general in the continental army, ii. 403;
leader of Conway's Cabal, in the army, ii. 576;
duties as quartermaster neglected by, ii. 599;
address of, as president of Congress, to Washington, on the latter's resigning his commission, iii. [36;]
second in command in the force sent against the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. [315.]
Militia, Washington's opinion of, i. 222; ii. 281, 286, 303, 353, 415;
panic in Colonel Rufus Putnam's regiment of, at White Plains, ii. 317;
refusal of, to man the lines at Fort Washington, ii. 331;
complaint of Washington at having to depend upon, ii. 415;
President Adams authorized to call out eighty thousand, iii. [496.]
Militia, Virginia, unrestricted power given to Washington to draft, in 1758, i. 256.
Mint, national, establishment of, iii. [174], [176.]
Minute-men, origin of the, i. 399; many enrolled in Massachusetts in 1775, i. 470;
monument to the memory of, at Lexington (note), i. 506;
summoned to supply the place of Connecticut troops, i. 759;
proposal to enroll eighty thousand in 1794, iii. [297.]
Mirabeau, remarks of, on the Declaration of Independence, ii. 216.
"Mischianza,” the, a fête at Philadelphia, in honor of the brothers Howe, ii. 614.
Mississippi river, control of, in the hands of the Spaniards in 1789, iii. [99;]
claims to the free navigation of, urged upon Spain, iii. [157;]
free navigation of, demanded by the people of Kentucky in 1794, iii. [304;]
free navigation of, secured by treaty with Spain in 1795, iii. [380.]
Mohawk river, land owned by Washington on, at the time of his death, iii. [543.]
Monacatoocha, captured while with Braddock's army, i. 160;
a son of, killed by mistake—son of, buried with military honors, i. 161.
Money, continental, measures of Congress in relation to the issue of, i. 549;
form of the bills of (note), i. 550.
Monmouth, account of the battle of, ii. 619-626;
bad conduct of General Lee at, ii. 623;
death of Colonel Monckton at—losses of the British and Americans at, ii. 625;
advance of Washington from, to Brunswick, ii. 626.
Monongahela, fort built at the fork of, by the advice of Tanacharisson, i. 72;
battle of the, miraculous escapes of Washington at, i. 168;
consequences of the battle of the, i. 173;
reputation of Washington increased by his conduct at the battle of the, i. 174;
the defeat at the, balanced by the victory at Lake George, i. 183.
Monro, Colonel George, his brave defence of Fort William Henry against Montcalm, i. 251;
capitulation of, to Montcalm, i. 251.
Monroe, James, sent as minister to France in 1794—letter of, on his arrival in Paris, to the president of the National Convention, iii. [304;]
auspicious moment of his arrival in France, iii. [302;]
reception of, by the French government—address of the National Convention to, iii. [436;]
cares and annoyances of—mortification caused to the American government by the conduct of, in France, iii. [437;]
imprudent assurances given by, to the French government, iii. [438;]
application of, for a copy of Jay's treaty, refused by Mr. Jay, iii. [439;]
little good accomplished by, in France, iii. [441;]
recall of, determined upon—letter addressed to Washington respecting, by officers of the government (note), iii. [442;]
the confidence of the French government lost by, iii. [444;]
letter addressed to, by Washington, defending his policy toward France—satisfactory reply made by, to the charges of the French government, iii. [445;]
refusal of the French government to receive any other minister, on the recall of, iii. [492;]
unworthy part played by, on presenting his letters of recall to the French government, iii. [493.]
Montcalm, Marquis de, successor to Dieskau in Canada, i. 232;
siege of Oswego by, i. 233;
humanity and politeness of—faithlessness of, according to Graham (note), i. 234;
Fort William Henry besieged by, in 1757, i. 250;
force of, at Quebec, i. 294;
vigilance of—unsuccessful attempt of Wolfe to storm the intrenchments of, i. 295;
incredulity of, as to Wolfe's having scaled the Heights of Abraham, i. 298;
mortal wound received by—letter of, to General Townshend, recommending prisoners to humane treatment—and Wolfe, monument erected to, i. 300.
Montgomery, Richard, by the side of Wolfe in the attack upon Louisburg in 1758, i. 261;
appointed brigadier-general in the continental army—brother-in-law of Robert R. Livingston, i. 548;
letter of, to General Schuyler, in relation to his movement on Isle aux Noix—Schuyler's affection for and confidence in, i. 663;
siege of St. John on the Sorel conducted by, i. 670;
insubordination in the camp of, at St. John, i. 671, 676;
blamed for generosity toward prisoners, i. 680, 705;
determination of, to advance on Montreal, i. 698;
anxiety of, on his entering Canada, for a junction with Arnold—troops of, unwilling to follow him to Canada—Montreal abandoned by Sir Guy Carleton on the approach of—large quantities of woollen clothing found in Montreal by—anxiety of, to proceed to Quebec, i. 700, 701;
mortification of, at the unwillingness of his troops to advance on Quebec, i. 703;
letter of, to Schuyler, complaining of the want of gentlemen among his officers, i. 704;
deserted by many of his New-England troops and Green Mountain Boys, i. 705;
determination of, to retire from the public service—major-general's commission bestowed upon, by Congress, i. 706;
junction of, with Arnold, at Point aux Trembles, i. 708;
departure of, for Quebec, from Point aux Trembles, in a snowstorm—Holland House the headquarters of, at the siege of Quebec—inadequate means of, for the investment of Quebec, i. 709;
letters of, to the citizens of Quebec, conveyed within the walls by the agency of a woman, i. 714;
breast-works of ice erected by, destroyed, i. 715;
plan of, for an assault, delayed by dissentions among his officers—last letter written by, to General Schuyler (note), i. 716;
plans of, made known to Carleton by deserters—plan of attack changed by, i. 717;
death of, while heading an attack upon a battery in charge of Captain Barnsfare, i. 718;
party led by, driven back to Wolfe's cove, i. 719;
remains of, subsequently removed to New York—monument erected to the memory of, by order of Congress—British officers affected by the death of—eulogium pronounced over the remains of, by Governor Carleton, i. 722.
Monticello, retirement of Jefferson to, in 1793, iii. [289.]
Montour, an Indian interpreter with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 114.
Montreal, siege of, by Amherst, in 1760—capitulation of, i. 301;
a provincial congress recommended to the people of, by Montgomery, i. 712;
Arnold in command at, ii. 101;
arrival at, of the commissioners to form a union with the colonies, ii. 145;
retreat of Arnold from, on the approach of the British—goods of merchants of, seized by Arnold (note), ii. 165.
Moore, Colonel James, Donald M'Donald pursued by, to Moore's creek, ii. 117.
Moore's-creek bridge, the battle at, the first of the Revolution below the Roanoke, ii. 119;
impulse given by the victory at, to the Revolution in the South, ii. 182.
Moravians, of Salem, in North Carolina, address of, to Washington (note), iii. [182.]
Morgan, Doctor John, successor of Doctor Church at the head of the army hospital, i. 613.
Morgan, General Daniel, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152;
anecdote of, i. 152, 618;
arrival of, at Cambridge, with a body of southern riflemen—marks upon the back and breast of, i. 618;
with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 683, 697;
made prisoner at the siege of Quebec, i. 721;
sent with his riflemen to the assistance of Gates, ii. 495;
at Bemis's Heights, ii. 530;
testimony of Gates to the value of the corps of, ii. 550;
pursuit of, by Tarleton, ii. 713;
defeat of Tarleton by, at the Cowpens, ii. 714;
escape of, from Cornwallis, ii. 715;
fourth in command in the force sent against the Whiskey Insurrection in 1794, iii. [315;]
correspondence of, with Washington, in relation to the Whiskey Insurrection, iii. [317.]
Morocco, relations with, in 1795, iii. [379.]
Morris, Gouverneur, stands to Houdon, in Paris, for Washington's statue, iii. [50;]
agent of the United States in London, in 1790, iii. [156;]
extract from the diary of Washington in relation to the mission of, iii. [157;]
mission of, unsuccessful, iii. [160;]
report of, on the currency, in 1782, iii. [175;]
successor of Jefferson at the French court, iii. [222;]
gloomy accounts written by, from Paris, iii. [223;]
language of Jefferson respecting, iii. [224;]
recall of, demanded by the French government, iii. [295;]
James Monroe appointed the successor of, iii. [295], [301;]
letter of Washington to, expressing anxiety for the ratification of Jay's treaty, iii. [383;]
private letter of Washington to, intercepted by the French government, iii. [445;]
adverse to Adams's hasty sending of envoys to France in 1799, iii. [530.]
Morris, Robert, letter of Washington to, complaining of defection in the republican ranks, ii. 366;
important service rendered by, to Washington, at Trenton, by a loan of money, ii. 381;
declension in the character of Congress remarked by, ii. 432;
money borrowed by, of Rochambeau, ii. 726;
lodgings taken by Washington at the house of, in 1785, iii. [62;]
testimony of, to the abilities of Hamilton, iii. [121;]
house of, in Philadelphia, selected for the residence of Washington, iii. [167;]
rent of house of, iii. [170.]
Morris, Roger, headquarters of Washington at the house of, on Harlem Heights, ii. 297.
Morristown, design of Washington to make his winter-quarters in the neighborhood of—activity of Washington at, ii. 392;
headquarters of Washington in the Freemasons' Tavern at—military family of Washington at, ii. 398;
precautions taken by Washington against small-pox in the camp at, ii. 401;
the bulk of the army at, composed of militia, ii. 413;
letters of Washington in relation to the condition of the army at, ii. 414;
camp at, broken up, ii. 442;
sufferings of the republicans at, ii. 666, 706;
meeting of the Pennsylvania troops at, ii. 707.
Mother of Washington, character and habits of—her single weakness, i. 29;
Sir Matthew Hale's “Contemplations" a favorite book of, i. 30;
opposition of, to George's entering the navy, i. 44;
fondness of, for fine horses, i. 46;
her son's visit to, on his return from Great Meadows, i. 124;
opposition of, to her son's joining Braddock, i. 140;
opposed to her son's taking any part in the frontier wars, i. 188;
visit of Washington to, at Fredericksburg, in 1789, iii. [85;]
death of, in 1789, iii. [117.]
Moultrie, Colonel, fort on Sullivan's island, in Charleston harbor, taken possession of by—national flag made under the directions of (note), ii. 186;
strong fort erected by, on Sullivan's island, ii. 187;
defence of Fort Sullivan by, ii. 190;
pair of colors presented to, by the ladies of Charleston—colors presented to, now in the Tower of London (note)—biographical notice of (note), ii. 196.
Mount Defiance, works at Ticonderoga, and on Mount Independence, commanded by, ii. 464.
Mount Vernon, the home of Washington in his nineteenth year, i. 57;
return of Washington to, after Braddock's defeat, i. 186;
Washington an invalid at, in 1758, i. 252;
Washington arrives at, with its future mistress, i. 288;
life of Washington at, at the close of the French and Indian War, i. 303;
became Washington's by the death of the daughter of his brother Lawrence (note)—as it was when the abode of Washington, i. 304;
agricultural products of the estate of, i. 306;
generous scale of hospitality at, before the Revolution—names of distinguished visitors at, i. 308;
tranquil years passed by Washington at, before the Revolution, i. 310;
return of Washington to, on the dissolution of the first continental Congress, i. 454;
the headquarters of military councils in the winter of 1774-'75, i. 471;
busy life of Washington at, in 1775, i. 475;
news of the battle of Lexington at, i. 527;
alarm occasioned at, by the movements of Lord Dunmore (note), ii. 26;
threatened by Lord Dunmore, ii. 110;
return of Washington to, at the conclusion of the war, iii. [37;]
numerous visitors at, in 1784, iii. [42], [48;]
visit of Lafayette to, iii. [42;]
Washington's improvements at, in 1785, iii. [50;]
influence of Washington on public affairs while in retirement at, iii. [59;]
young Lafayette and M. Frestel at, in 1797, iii. [479;]
habits of Washington at, after his retirement to private life, iii. [482;]
Lawrence Lewis invited by Washington to reside at, iii. [483;]
occupation of Washington at, in 1798, iii. [488;]
Washington recalled from, to public life, in 1798, iii. [490.]
Moustier, Count de, ball given in honor of Washington by, iii. [110.]
Muhlenburg, General, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. [353.]
Murray, General, with Amherst at the siege of Montreal in 1760, i. 301.
Murray, Mr., successor of Adams as minister to Holland in 1796, iii. [423;]
copy of a letter of Talleyrand transmitted by, to the government at Washington—nominated by Adams minister plenipotentiary to France, iii. [528;]
Oliver Wolcott, and Governor Davie, of North Carolina, associated with, as envoys to France, iii. [529.]
Muse, Adjutant, the manual exercise acquired by Washington with, i. 46, 62;
with Washington at Great Meadows, i. 113;
alleged cowardice of, i. 124;
caustic letter of Washington to (note), i. 361.

N.

Nantasket road, stay of the British fleet in, after the evacuation of Boston, ii. 81.
Nash, General, death of, at Germantown, ii. 556;
biographical notice of (note), ii. 557.
Natanis, chief of the Norridgewock Indians, with Arnold in his Quebec expedition—made prisoner at Quebec (note), i. 695.
National Gazette, Philip Freneau editor of, in 1791, iii. [197.]
Natural Bridge, in Virginia, Washington's initials carved upon, in 1750, i. 56.
Navigation, inland, ideas of Washington in relation to, iii. [43.]
Navy, Washington at the age of fifteen about to enter, i. 44;
measures taken by the continental Congress for the organization and regulation of, i. 743;
commencement of, in 1794, iii. [294;]
officers of, appointed by Washington in 1794 (note), iii. [295;]
increase of, urged by Washington, in 1796, iii. [455;]
increase of, recommended by Adams, in the prospect of a war with France, iii. [495.]
Neal, John, lines by, on the fortification of Breed's hill, i. 557.
Nelson, Governor, patriotism displayed by, at the siege of Yorktown, ii. 734.
Netherlands, rejoicings in Boston, in 1793, at the conquest of, by France, iii. [237.]
Neutrality, efforts of Washington to preserve, in 1793, iii. [239;]
proclamation of Washington enjoining, iii. [241;]
laws in relation to, sustained in 1793, iii. [257.]
Neville, General, house of, at Pittsburgh, burned by insurgents, in 1794, iii. [310.]
Newark, entrance of Cornwallis into, at the moment of Washington's retreat from, ii. 346.
New Berne, North Carolina, spirit of opposition to British rule prevalent in, in 1774—provincial convention of republicans called at—assemblage of the legislature at, ii. 111;
visit of Washington to, on his southern tour, in 1791, iii. [181.]
Newburg, Washington with the army at, iii. [7;]
discontents in the army at, iii. [15;]
addresses of Armstrong to the army at. iii. [16], [18;]
address read by Washington to a meeting of officers at (note), iii. [18;]
resolutions of a meeting of officers at, iii. [20;]
letter of Washington to the president of Congress in relation to the meeting at, iii. [21.]
Newburyport, departure of Arnold from, for the invasion of Canada, i. 688.
Newcastle, duke of, his ignorance and incapacity—anecdote of, told by Horace Walpole (note), i. 129;
Horatio Gates consulted by, in relation to the colonies—advice of Mr. Hanbury to, i. 130.
New England, liberality and heroism of, in colonial times, i. 175;
Dieskau defeated by men principally from, i. 184;
tour of Washington through, in 1789, iii. [125;]
demonstrations of respect paid to Washington in, iii. [126], [134.]
Newfoundland, measures of Lord North hostile to the New-England fisheries at, i. 496.
New Hampshire, late ratification of the federal constitution in, iii. [78.]
New-Hampshire Grants, history of, i. 523.
New Haven, rejection of Washington in, in 1789, iii. [126.]
New Jersey, treasury of the province of, taken possession of by the people, after the battle of Lexington, i. 516;
measures taken by Washington for the defence of, ii. 323;
despondency of the people of, ii. 350;
Governor Livingston powerless in, ii. 351;
British protections taken by persons in (note), ii. 366;
indignation of the people of, at the brutal conduct of the Hessians, ii. 397;
proclamation issued in, by Washington, in relation to loyalists, ii. 400;
course of conduct of Washington censured by members of the legislature of, ii. 401;
Americans left in possession of, by General Howe, ii. 453;
remonstrance of troops from, with the legislature—mediation of Washington in favor of troops from, ii. 657;
sum of money raised by the ladies of, for the army, ii. 679;
mutiny of troops of, at Pompton. ii. 709.
Newport, threatened by Captain Wallace, ii. 16;
tories of, deprived of their arms by General Lee—oath administered by General Lee to the tories of, ii. 17;
the French blockaded in, by Admiral Arbuthnot, ii. 681;
voyage of Washington to, in 1790, accompanied by Jefferson, iii. [162.]
New Rochelle, post taken at, by Lord Howe, ii. 312.
New York, population of, in 1756, i. 198;
powers of the governor and legislature of, suspended—sympathy of all the other colonies with, i. 342;
British ministers misled by the loyal bearing of the assembly of, i. 487;
loyalty of, in 1775, i. 496;
refusal of the assembly of, to sanction the proceedings of the first continental Congress—provincial congress assembled in, i. 515;
functions of government assumed by the provincial congress of—large proportion of troops furnished by, for the continental army (note), i. 516;
arrival of Washington in the city of, on his way to Cambridge—address of the president of the provincial congress of, to Washington, i. 577;
peculiar position of the province of—influence of the loyalists in, i. 579;
plan of the British ministry for taking possession of, ii. 30;
measures recommended by Congress for the defence of—machinations of Tryon in, ii. 31;
alarm occasioned in, by the action of Lee against the tories, ii. 39;
flight of tories from, ii. 39, 41;
effect in, of the news of the evacuation of Boston, ii. 78;
measures of Washington for the defence of, ii. 82;
respect paid to Washington on his way to, from Boston—fortified by Lord Stirling, ii. 84;
extreme caution of the provincial congress of, ii. 127;
list of names of the vigilance committee appointed by the whigs of, ii. 128;
alarm occasioned in, by broadsides from the Asia, ii. 129;
temporizing policy of the provincial congress of, ii. 130;
batteries in and near, in March, 1776 (note), ii. 137;
placed under martial law by General Putnam, ii. 138;
headquarters of Washington in—society broken up in, ii. 139;
communications between the people of, and the king's ships, ii. 140;
measures of Congress for the defence of, ii. 170;
schemes of the tories in, under the direction of Tryon, ii. 172, 173;
inadequacy of the force at, for its defence, ii. 179, 180;
Declaration of Independence read to the troops in—statue of George III. in, destroyed by a party of soldiers and citizens, ii. 214;
excitement caused in, by broadsides from British ships, ii. 218;
arrival of Lord Howe at—tories in prison in, removed to the interior, ii. 221;
sectional jealousies in the camp at, ii. 230, 242;
backwardness of recruits in joining the camp at, ii. 231;
defensive works in the neighborhood of, ii. 233;
the abandonment of, by Washington, recommended by the state convention, ii. 234;
fire-ships constructed to destroy British vessels in the harbor of, ii. 236;
deficiency in numbers and discipline of the army of Washington at, ii. 241;
alarm occasioned in, by the firing in the battle of Long Island, ii. 273;
destruction of, proposed by Washington, and urged by General Greene, ii. 286, 287, 289;
desertions from the American army at, after the battle of Long Island, ii. 285, 287;
Washington directed by Congress not to destroy—rumors respecting the burning of, in the British camp, ii. 287;
letter of Washington respecting the designs of the British against—evacuation of, proposed by Washington, ii. 288;
inhabitants of, recommended by Washington to remove from, ii. 262;
evacuation of, commenced under the superintendence of Colonel Glover, ii. 294;
more than seven years in the possession of the British, ii. 297;
great fire in, immediately after its occupation by the British—origin of the great fire in (note), ii. 300;
New York and Rhode Island, the British confined to, ii. 645;
harbor of, frozen over in the winter of 1779-'80, ii. 665;
movements of the allies in the neighborhood of, ii. 722-724;
relief to the southern states by the movements at, ii. 725;
evacuation of, by the British, iii. [32;]
legislature of, in favor of a closer federal union, iii. [56;]
journey of Washington to, in 1789, iii. [85;]
reception of Washington at, in 1789, iii. [89;]
frugal habits of Washington in, iii. [169;]
houses occupied by Washington in (note), iii. [169.]
New Windsor, headquarters of Governor Clinton at, ii. 546.
Niagara, expedition against, under Governor Shirley, proposed by General Braddock, i. 141;
failure of Shirley's expedition against, i. 185.
Nicola, Colonel Lewis, letter of, to Washington, urging his assumption of the title of king, iii. [8;]
reply of Washington to, iii. [9.]
Ninety Six, siege of, by General Greene, iii. [2.]
Noailles, Viscount de, refuge taken by, in America (note), iii. [278.]
Norfolk, distress of the loyalists on board the ships at, ii. 24;
laid in ashes by Lord Dunmore, ii. 25;
destroyed by the republicans under Colonel Stevens—barracks erected at, by Lord Dunmore, ii. 109.
North Carolina, “Regulators" of, in 1770, i. 371;
loyalty of, in 1775, i. 496;
provincial congress formed in, i. 520;
embarkation of Cornwallis for, with seven regiments, ii. 90;
outrages of Cornwallis in, ii. 185;
increase of the revolutionary feeling in, ii. 111;
Martin the last royal governor of, ii. 120;
hesitation of, to ratify the federal constitution, iii. [98.]
North Castle, retreat of Washington from White Plains to, ii. 322;
perplexity of Washington at, as to the movements of General Howe, ii. 323.
Northern American army, bad condition of, in the autumn of 1776, ii. 243.
North, Lord, chosen prime minister in 1770, i. 364;
character and personal appearance of—early opposition of, to the Americans (note), i. 365;
proposal of, to continue the duty on tea, i. 366;
large majority of, in the house of commons, in 1774, i. 485;
caricatures of, published in England, i. 486;
preparatory measures of, for the coercion of the colonies, i. 493;
address to the king relative to American affairs moved by. i. 494;
bill hostile to the trade of New England brought forward by, i. 496;
“conciliatory bill" brought forward by, i. 497;
misrepresentations of the evacuation of,Boston made by. ii. 85;
decisive conciliatory measures proposed by, in relation to the colonies—opposition to the measures of, by Lord Chatham, ii. 608;
Washington's opinion of the proposed measures of, ii. 609;
the bills of, treated with scorn throughout the country, ii. 610;
resignation by, of the premiership, after the surrender at Yorktown, ii. 740.
Northwest territory, General Arthur St. Clair appointed governor of—hostility of the Indians in—force sent against, under General Harmar, iii. [156;]
peace made with the Indians in, in 1794, iii. [329;]
lands owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. [543.]
Nova Scotia, conquest of, by General Winslow, in 1755, i. 178;
Washington adverse to a proposed expedition against, i. 629;
embarkation of tories for, in 1783, iii. [22.]

O.

Ogden, Matthias, with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 697.
Ohio, account of Washington's mission to the French commander on the, in 1753, i. 75-92.
Ohio Company, object and constitution of, i. 60;
movements of, in 1750, i. 71.
Ohio country, journey of Washington to the, in 1770, i. 358;
abundance of game in the, i. 359.
Ohio expedition, perils and sufferings of Washington and his party while on the, i. 90.
Ohio, policy of driving the French beyond the, advocated by Washington, i. 205.
"Old Dominion,” why so called (note), i. 236.
Old South Church, in Boston, used as a riding-school by Burgoyne's dragoons, i. 745.
Onondaga towns, destruction of, ii. 655.
Orders in council, British, in 1794, iii. [296;]
revocation of, iii. [297.]
Orme, Captain, letter of, to Washington, urging him to become one of the family of General Braddock, i. 139;
his opinion of colonial troops—biographical notice of (note), i. 151.
Orne, Azar, appointed major-general of Massachusetts militia, ii. 60.
Oswegatchie river, fort at the mouth of, a rendezvous of Indians and tories, ii. 148.
Oswego, supplies thrown into, by Bradstreet, i. 232;
siege of, by Montcalm, in 1756, i. 233;
death of Colonel Mercer at—capitulation of the fort at, i. 234.
Otis, James, eloquent speeches made by, i. 317, 344;
misfortunes and death of (note), i. 318.

P.

Paine, Thomas, “Common Sense" written by, ii. 11;
influence of his writings in keeping alive the spirit of the Revolution (note), ii. 202;
agency of, in transmitting the key of the Bastile from Lafayette to Washington—letter of, to Washington, accompanying the key, iii. [164;]
malignant letter addressed to Washington by, iii. [461;]
extracts from the letter of, written from the house of Monroe, in Paris, iii. [462.]
Palfrey, William, letter of Washington to, respecting the tories in Portsmouth, i. 746.
Pall-bearers at the funeral of Washington, iii. [559.]
Paris, a Virginian, defeat of Donville by, i. 209.
Paris, treaty of, vast extent of territory given to England by, i. 313.
Parker, Captain, minute-men at Lexington under the command of, i. 504.
Parker, Captain, sent up the Hudson river in the Phœnix by General Howe, ii. 218, 309.
Parker, Sir Peter, arrival of, with a British fleet, off Charleston bar, ii. 188;
attack of the fleet of, upon Fort Sullivan, ii. 190;
wounded in the attack upon Fort Sullivan, ii. 193.
Parliament, accordance of, with the king, in measures against Massachusetts, i. 449;
confidence of, that the “rebellion" would soon subside, ii. 395.
Parsons, General, biographical notice of (note), ii. 548.
Paterson, Judge, office of secretary of state offered to, by Washington, in 1795, iii. [371.]
Paulus's Hook, capture of, by Captain Henry Lee, ii. 660.
Peace, negotiations for, commenced at Paris, iii. [10;]
commissioners appointed to negotiate a treaty of, iii. [15;]
treaty of, signed by Franklin, Adams, Jay, and Henry Laurens, iii. [15;]
news of the treaty of, iii. [21;]
definitive treaty of, when signed, iii. [29.]
Peace of 1763, Washington introduced into a wider field of action by, i. 321.
Peale, Angelica, civic crown placed upon the head of Washington by, iii. [86.]
Peale, Charles Willson, earliest portrait of Washington painted by, iii. [476.]
Peekskill, unsuccessful attempt of the British to seize stores at, ii. 426;
recommended by Washington as a point for the concentration of troops, ii. 428;
eight regiments of the forces from Massachusetts ordered by Washington to, ii. 429.
Pemberton, Israel, objection of, to the Sunday-laws of New England, i. 455;
warm answer to the objections of, by John Adams, i. 456.
Pendleton, Edmund, Washington's journey to the first continental Congress in company with, i. 417.
Penn, Governor, friendly to the patriots (note), i. 457;
banished to Fredericksburg, in Virginia, i. 461;
petition intrusted to, for presentation to the king, i. 606.
Pennibecker's Mill, Washington's army encamped at, ii. 551.
Pennsylvania, early popularity of Washington in, i. 197;
Indian depredations on the frontier of, in 1756, i. 225;
peace secured on the frontier of, by the destruction of Kittanning by Colonel Armstrong, i. 227;
conduct of the troops from, ii. 347, 500, 708;
weakness of Washington's army in, ii. 365;
necessities of the continental army supplied by, ii. 670;
mutiny at Morristown of the troops from, ii. 707;
proposal of the executive council of, to bestow a pecuniary reward on Washington, iii. [41;]
resistance in the western parts of, to the excise laws, in 1792, iii. [217.]
letter of Washington respecting rebellious movements in, in 1794, iii. [305;]
commencement of the “Whiskey Insurrection" in the western counties of, iii. [307;]
volunteers raised in, in 1794, through the eloquence of Mifflin (note), iii. [317;]
property owned by Washington in, at the time of his death, iii. [543.]
Penobscot bay, destruction of an American flotilla in, by Admiral Collier, ii. 661.
Percy, Lord, British reinforcements brought up by, at the battle of Lexington, i. 508;
narrow escape of, at Cambridge, i. 509.
Peyroney, Chevalier de, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152.
Philadelphia, number of houses in, in 1756, i. 198;
private entertainments in, in 1774 (note), i. 419;
measures taken by the people of, after the battle of Lexington, i. 517;
the continental army marched by Washington through the streets of, ii. 495;
application of Hamilton to the ladies of, for clothing for the troops, ii. 517;
march of Cornwallis into—fortifications of, taken possession of by the British—cannonade opened upon, by frigates in the Delaware, ii. 518;
the capture of, disastrous to the British cause, ii. 519;
Washington urged to make an attack upon, ii. 566;
language of Marshall, in relation to Washington's prudence in not attacking, ii. 567;
preparations of the British for leaving, ii. 616;
evacuation of, by Sir Henry Clinton, by order of the British ministry, ii. 617;
sum of money raised by the ladies of, for the patriot army, ii. 678;
reception of Washington at, in 1789, iii. [86;]
chosen in 1790 as the seat of government for ten years, iii. [150;]
effects of the removal of the seat of government to, iii. [167;]
arrival of Washington in, in 1790—Mrs. Washington's first levee in, iii. [170;]
Washington's proclamation in 1793 approved by the “solid men" of, iii. [250;]
yellow fever in, in 1793, iii. [280;]
left by Washington during the visit of the yellow fever in 1793, iii. [281;]
banquet given by the merchants of, on Washington's retirement from office, iii. [476;]
last visit of Washington to, iii. [525.]
Philipse family in New York, great landed estates of (note), i. 202.
Philipse, Mary, Washington's admiration of, i. 199;
undeclared passion of Washington for, i. 201.
Pickens, Colonel, Colonel Boyd defeated by, ii. 651.
Pickering, Colonel, letter of, to Washington, hinting suspicions of Randolph, iii. [360;]
successor of Randolph, as secretary of state, in 1795, iii. [372;]
letters of Washington to, iii. [496], [528], [530.]
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, hostility of, to Jay's treaty, iii. [354;]
office of secretary of state offered to, by Washington, in 1795, iii. [371;]
letter of Washington to, urging his acceptance of the mission to France, iii. [443;]
refusal of the French government to receive, iii. [492;]
ordered to leave France, iii. [493], [504;]
notified by the French government to leave Paris, iii. [494;]
special envoy to France in 1798, iii. [496;]
indignant reply of, to the agents of the French Directory, iii. [503;]
appointed major-general in the provisional army, in 1798 (note), iii. [515;]
encomium passed by Washington upon the character of, iii. [518;]
willingness of, to serve as major-general under Hamilton—conference of, with M'Henry and Hamilton, respecting the provisional army, in 1798, iii. [525.]
Pinckney, Thomas, minister to the court of St. James in 1792, iii. [223;]
a candidate for the vice-presidency in 1796, iii. [451;]
letter of Washington to, in relation to the troubles with France, iii. [495.]
Pine, Robert Edge, portrait of Washington painted by, iii. [50.]
Pitcairn, Major, sent by General Gage to seize stores at Concord, i. 503;
attack made by the soldiers of, upon the minute-men at Lexington, i. 505.
Pitt, Lord, unwillingness of Lady Chatham that he should bear arms against the colonists (note), i. 686;
instructions of Washington to Arnold respecting, i. 686.
Pitt, William, placed at the head of the British ministry—Lord Loudoun recalled by—expeditions proposed by, against Louisburg, Ticonderoga, and Fort Duquesne—General Forbes appointed by, to lead the expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 253;
measures of the Virginia assembly in response to the wishes of, i. 255;
conquest of Canada aimed at by, i. 259;
effect upon, of the news of the disaster at Ticonderoga, i. 266;
design of, to complete the conquest of Canada in 1759, i. 289;
his plan of the campaign in America in 1759, i. 290;
on the American “subjects,” i. 321;
opposition of, in the house of commons, to the stamp-act—reply of, to an interrogatory of Grenville, i. 324;
his commendation in Parliament of the colonists for resisting the stamp-act, i. 339;
his denial of the right of England to tax the colonies, i. 340;
made earl of Chatham—medley cabinet of, in 1766, described by Burke (note), i. 342;
various oppressive measures toward the colonies attempted by the cabinet of, i. 343;
declining popularity of, as earl of Chatham—foolish fondness of, for display (note), i. 363;
astonishing effect of the return of, to public life, in 1770, i. 364;
opposition of, to Lord North, i. 364, 365;
(See [Lord Chatham].)
Pitt, William (the younger), liberal commercial policy of, in 1783, iii. [100.]
Pittsburgh, a noble monument to the memory of William Pitt, i. 284;
resolution adopted at, in 1792, in relation to the excise law (note), iii. [216;]
resistance in, to the excise law, iii. [308.]
Ploughed hill, occupied by Washington at the siege of Boston, i. 640.
Poacher, Washington's chastisement of a, i. 309.
Pohick Church, in Truro parish, Virginia, history of—characteristic anecdote of Washington in connection with, i. 337;
condition of, when visited by the author in 1848 (note)—extract from the record-book of (note), i. 338.
Polson, William, with Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, i. 152.
Pomeroy, Seth, appointed brigadier-general in the continental army—brief biographical notice of, i. 548;
courage displayed by, at Breed's hill, i. 562;
retirement and death of, i. 593.
Pondevez, Viscount de, reception of Washington by, on board the Illustrious, in 1789, iii. [132.]
Pontiac, hostile confederation brought about by, among the Indian tribes—frontier forts seized by Indians under the direction of, i. 319;
Detroit besieged by, in 1768—death of, at Cahokia, i. 320.
Pope's creek, domain of Washington's ancestors on, i. 17, 35.
Poplopen's creek, fortress erected at the mouth of, ii. 170.
Porterfield, Captain, with Arnold in his expedition against Quebec, i. 697.
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, fort at, taken possession of by Sullivan and Langdon, i. 484;
Sullivan sent to prepare the fort at, for the defence of the town, i. 734;
visit of Washington to, in 1789, iii. [133.]
Post, Christian Frederick, an emissary of General Forbes among the western Indians (note), i. 284.
Post-office department, Franklin placed at the head of, by the second continental Congress, i. 612.
Potomac, barge kept on, by Washington, at Mount Vernon, i. 310.
Potomac Company, fifty shares in, offered to Washington by the Virginia legislature—Washington president of, iii. [47.]
Pott's Grove, Washington at, ii. 516.
Potts, Isaac, the house of, the headquarters of Washington at Valley Forge, ii. 602;
iron foundry and forge of, called “Valley Forge" (note)—Washington seen by, in the woods, at prayer (note), ii. 602.
Pownall, Governor, statement of, of the number of troops in the French forts and settlements (note), i. 282.
Prayers read by Washington in camp near Fort Necessity, i. 117.
Presbyterian Church, abolition of slavery recommended by, in 1788, iii. [152.]
Presbyterians almost all whigs during the progress of the Revolution, i. 403.
Prescott, Colonel William, fortification of Bunker's hill intrusted to—personal appearance of—-Breed's hill chosen by, instead of Bunker's, i. 556;
voluntary exposure of, at Breed's hill (note), i. 558;
narrow escape of, at Breed's hill. i. 569.
Prescott, General, capture of, by Rhode-Island republicans, ii. 473;
exchange of, for General Lee, ii. 474, 613.
Preston, Captain, Boston mob fired upon by the soldiers of—and his men tried for murder, and acquitted, by a Boston jury, i. 368;
his obstinate defence of the fort at St. John on the Sorel, i. 678;
honorable terms of surrender granted to, by Montgomery, i. 680.
Prevost, General, invasion of South Carolina by, ii. 651.
Price, Mr., assistance rendered by, to Montgomery, at Montreal, i. 712.
Priestley. Doctor, letters of Franklin to (note), i. 605, 641.
Princeton, troops left at, by Washington, under Lord Stirling and General Adam Stephen, ii. 351;
night-march of Washington upon—advance led by Mercer in the night-march on, ii. 386;
troops at, animated by the presence of Washington, ii. 388;
defeat of the British at, ii. 389;
strong impression produced on the public mind by the battle at, ii. 390;
Captain Leslie, son of the earl of Devon, killed at—American losses at, ii. 891;
long-continued quiet of the two armies after the battle at, ii. 413;
adjournment of Congress to, iii. [26;]
address of Congress to Washington at. iii. [28.]
Prisoners, cruel treatment of, by General Gage, i. 630;
correspondence between Washington and Gage in relation to the treatment of, i. 630-635;
ill treatment of, retaliated by Washington, i. 633;
numbers taken by the British and Americans respectively, down to the close of 1776, ii. 404;
letter of Washington to General Howe, relative to an exchange of—cruel treatment of, by the British, ii. 405;
letter of Washington to the president of Congress, in relation to the treatment of, ii. 408;
letter of Washington to Lord Howe, in relation to the treatment of, ii. 409;
reply of Lord Howe to the letter of Washington, ii. 410;
joint commission proposed, to settle questions in relation to—refusal of Washington to exchange an equal number of healthy for sickly, ii. 412;
difficulties respecting the exchange of, ii. 605;
commissioners appointed to regulate the exchange of, ii. 606.
Privateers fitted out by order of Washington, i. 740;
decision of Washington's cabinet, in 1793, respecting, iii. [270;]
act of Congress in relation to, in 1798, iii. [496.]
Proclamation issued by Washington, enjoining neutrality, in 1798—language of (note), iii. [241;]
approved by the “solid men" of Philadelphia, iii. [250;]
controversy respecting, between Hamilton and Madison, iii. [262.]
Proclamations issued by Washington in 1794, addressed to the insurgents in Pennsylvania (note), iii. 311, [314.]
Property of Washington directed by his will to be sold, iii. [542;]
notes of Washington in relation to, iii. [544.]
Prophecy, Indian, respecting the destinies of Washington, iii. [48.]
Prospect hill, shell thrown to, from Boston, by the British, ii. 62.
Providence, Washington's acknowledgment of a, i. 387.
Provincials, admirable conduct of, at the battle of the Monongahela, i. 167, 169.
Provost, Doctor, prayers offered by, at the inauguration of Washington, iii. [96.]
Pulaski, Count, awaiting an appointment to a troop of horse, ii. 497;
conspicuous bravery of, at the battle of the Brandywine, ii. 510;
force of infantry under the command of, surprised and massacred by Ferguson, ii. 643;
mortally wounded at the siege of Savannah, ii. 663.
Putnam, Colonel Rufus, appointed brigadier under Wayne in 1791, iii. [197.]
Putnam, General Israel, at the defeat of Dieskau, i. 182, 184;
with Abercrombie at Ticonderoga, i. 262;
taken prisoner by the French and Indians in 1758, i. 266;
at Cambridge with a body of Connecticut men, i. 543;
appointed by Congress associate major-general with Philip Schuyler i. 547;
efforts of, to turn the fugitives at Bunker's hill, i. 569;
“impregnable fortress" of, on Cobble hill, i. 761;
intrenchment on Lechmere's Point begun by, i. 764;
sent to New York to assume the chief command there, ii. 82;
martial law proclaimed by, in New York, ii. 138;
left in command at New York by Washington—instructions of Washington to, relative to the seizure of Long-Island tories, ii. 157;
obstructions sunk in the Hudson river, near Fort Washington, under the direction of, ii. 237;
command of the troops in Brooklyn given to, on the approach of the British, ii. 264;
neglect of, to secure the hill-passes in the neighborhood of Bedford, ii. 277;
escape of the troops of, from New York, under the guidance of Aaron Burr, ii. 296;
almost unlimited powers granted to, by Congress in Philadelphia, ii. 362;
outwitted by Sir Henry Clinton, ii. 543, 546;
narrow escape of, from British dragoons, ii. 658.