In considering the actual condition of the national trade and treasury, the government did not believe, on the re-establishment of peace, that it would be justified in creating at once an extensive naval establishment, nevertheless it was convinced that the security of the coasts, the protection of its own small trade, and the interest of its maritime custom houses, rendered the creation of a flotilla indispensable. With this view the minister of war and marine recommended in 1849 the naval establishment which is shown in the following table.
Naval Establishment of Mexico, 1849.
The actual naval force consists at present of 1 schooner only; but the secretary of war recommended, in addition, the construction of:
| VESSELS. | ||
| 1 | steamer mounting | 1 swivel 32 paixhan and 2 short 12 pounders. |
| 2 | cutters suitable for coast service, capable of passing the shallow bars of rivers, of 70 or 75 tons, and carrying 1 swivel 18 pounder, and one 12 pounder each. | |
| 4 | launches of 20 oars, each of which must be capable of carrying an 18 pounder. | |
| OFFICERS. | ||
| Officers. | In Service. | On Leave |
| Captains de Navio, | 3 | - |
| "de Fragata, | 6 | 3 |
| 1st Lieutenant, | 1 | 5 |
| 2d" | 7 | 11 |
| 1st Midshipmen, | - | 4 |
| 2d" | - | 1 |
| Intendentes, | 2 | - |
| Commissaries, | 7 | |
| 1º Officiales, | 4 | 6 |
| 2º" | 5 | 11 |
| 3º" | 4 | 7 |
| Clerks, | - | 11 |
| Expenses of War and Navy of Mexico, 1849, estimated by the Minister. | |
| Ministry of war and navy, | $55,890..0..06 |
| Supreme tribunal of war, | 82,770..7..00 |
| Staff of the army, | 133,500..0..00 |
| "of the president, | 10,345..4..00 |
| Headquarters of the army, | 50,399..2..06 |
| Commandancias generales and militares, | 234,378..5..00 |
| Detall de plazas, | 10,320..0..00 |
| Engineers, sappers, military college and school, | 218,788..5..06 |
| Permanent artillery, political ministry, workmen and baggage train, | 670,985..0..00 |
| 8 Battalions of permanent infantry, | 1,290,567..1..00 |
| 1 Battalion of active infantry and 6 companies, | 253,109..7..06 |
| 12 squadrons of permanent cavalry in 6 corps, | 628,886..0..00 |
| Military colonies, | 727,572..0..00 |
| Medical staff and ambulance companies, | 144,025..4..00 |
| Expenses at San Luis, | 5,038..2..00 |
| Invalids, | 84,122..7..06 |
| Staffs of the army, divisions and brigades, | 43,460..3..00 |
| Officers who by the law of 4th November, 1849, are to receive unlimited leave, | 328,644..0..06 |
| Officers on unlimited leave, | 292,762..5..10 |
| "retired, | 668,614..1..07 |
| Disbanded troops, | 101,283..3..00 |
| Widows, orphans, and pensioners, | 403,499..2..06 |
| Rewards for bravery, | 15,295..6..07 |
| For military hospitals and extras, | 100,000..0..00 |
| For improvement and repair of military barracks, | 30,241..0..00 |
| Contract for mules for artillery trains, | 34,875..6..00 |
| Extra expenses of war, | 500,000..0..00 |
| Expenses of establishment of military colonies, | 498,635..4..00 |
| Military commission of statistics, | 12,098..0..00 |
| Naval employés, (military and political,) | 55,623..7..00 |
| Total expenses war and navy in 1849, | $7,685,733..6..06 |
CHAPTER XI.
THE MEXICAN CHURCH.
RELATIONS BETWEEN THE MEXICAN CHURCH AND THE POPE.—CLERGY, MONKS, NUNS, MONASTERIES, CONVENTS.—WEALTH OF THE CHURCH.—RATIO OF CLERGY AND PEOPLE.—HIGH AND LOW CLERGY—THEIR HISTORY—VICES.—MONKS—RURAL CLERGY—THEIR CHARACTER.—CONDUCT OF CLERGY, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.—MISSIONS IN CALIFORNIA—MODE OF CONVERSION.—MONKS IN MEXICO—ZAVALA'S STRICTURES.—PAZO'S STRICTURES ON SOUTH AMERICAN CLERGY.—CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES AND IN MEXICO.—CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION OF CATHOLICISM.—DUTY OF THE CHURCH—BULLS—PAPER MONEY.