In accordance with the plan proposed in the separate consideration of the several States and Territories of Mexico, we shall divide them into three groups:—those on the eastern or Gulf coast; those on the western or Pacific coast, and those in the interior.

I.—Eastern or Gulf Coast.
The State of Yucatan.The State of Vera Cruz.
" State of Chiapas."State of Tamaulipas.
" State of Tabasco.
II.—Western or Pacific Coast.
The State of Oajaca.The State of Jalisco.
"State of Puebla."Territory of Colima.
"Territory of Tlascala."State of Sinaloa.
"State of Mexico and Federal District."State of Sonora.
"State of Guerrero.
The State of Michoacan."Territory of L. California.
III.—Interior.
The State of Queretaro.The State of New Leon.
"State of Guanajuato."State of Coahuila.
"State of Zacatecas."State of Durango.
"State of San Luis Potosi."State of Chihuahua.

THE STATE OF YUCATAN.

The State of Yucatan, sometimes known by the name of Merida or Campeché, occupies the greater portion of the peninsula which bounds the southern edge of the Gulf of Mexico. Its eastern side is washed by the Caribbean Sea, and touched by the settlements at Balize; on the south it is bounded by Guatemala; on the west by the Gulf of Mexico and the States of Chiapas and Tabasco, from which it is separated by the river Paicutun that falls into the Laguna de Terminos. Its northern coast extends from Cape Catoché to the Punta de Piedras, about eighty-six leagues; and the whole area of the State is computed at 3,823 square leagues.

Yucatan possesses very few streams and none of importance that are known or explored. On the west of the peninsula, debouching into the Gulf of Mexico, there are the rivers or rivulets of Escatalto, Chen, Champoton;—the San Francisco falls into the Bay of Campeché; in the north there are the Silan, the Cedros, and the Conil; while the streams of Bolina, the Rio Nuevo, the Bacalar, the Ascension, and the Honda or Rio Grande pour into the Caribbean Sea. In 1841 the population of the State is stated in a census, taken by order of the government, as follows:

Departments.Men.Women.Total.
Merida,48,60658,663107,269
Izamal,32,91537,93370,848
Tekax,58,12764,697122,824
Valladolid,45,35346,92692,279
Campeché,39,01740,63979,656
Total,224,018248,858472,876

This census, although it professes to be accurate, may nevertheless be incomplete, inasmuch as the inhabitants of Yucatan, dreading new contributions and detesting military service, endeavor to reduce as much as possible the number of their families in the lists prepared for government. Besides this, it does not appear to comprehend all the departments according to Mühlenpfordt, who divides the State into fifteen departments.[44] The population has been estimated by some careful writers, acquainted with the people and the country, at 525,000 souls; in our table of population on page 42 of this volume, we have on good authority stated the number to be, in 1842, 508,948, while others have increased the number to 600,000 and even to 630,000, which amount is assigned to Yucatan by a census in 1833! The last mentioned number will give about 165 individuals to each square league.[45]

The character and quality of the productions of Yucatan may be estimated by the following statistical table, which has been translated and published by Mr. Stephens in the first volume of his Incidents of Travel in that State.

TABLE OF STATISTICS OF YUCATAN
DISTRICTS. PRINCIPAL PLACES.PARISHES.VILLAGES ANNEXED.PRODUCTIONS.
CapitalMerida 4 5 Horned cattle, horses, mules, tallow, jerked beef, leather, salt, gypsum, hemp, raw and manufactured, straw hats, guitars, cigars, and extract of logwood.
CampechéCity of Campeché 2 " Salt, logwood, rice, sugar, and marble of good quality.
LermaVillage of Lerma 3 8 Logwood, timber, rice, and fish oil.
ValladolidCity of Valladolid 11 17 Cotton, sugar, starch, gum copal, tobacco, cochineal, saffron, vanilla, cotton fabrics, yarns, &c., wax, honey, castor oil, horned cattle, hogs, and skins.
CoastCity of Izamal 16 27 Horned cattle, horses, mules, tallow, jerked beef, castor oil, hides, wax, honey, timber, indigo, hemp, raw and manufactured, straw cigars, barilla, and salt.
The Upper HighlandsCity of Tekax 9 7 Horned cattle, horses, mules, hogs, sheep, skins, sugar, molasses, timber, rice, tobacco in the leaf and manufactured, spirits, arrow-root, straw hats, cotton lace, ochre, flints, and grindstones.
The Lower HighlandsVillage of Teabo 8 5Horned cattle, horses, mules, hogs, sheep, skins, tallow, dried beef, hemp, raw and manufactured, and cotton lace.
The Upper Royal RoadTown of Jequelchakan 6 11Cattle, horses, mules, skins, tallow, dried beef, logwood, tobacco, sugar, and rum.
The Lower Royal RoadVillage of Maxcanú 5 7Horned cattle, horses, mules, oil of palma Cristi, tobacco, hemp, and fine straw hats.
The Upper "Beneficios"Village of Ichmul 7 15Sugar, molasses, rum, tobacco of good quality, rice, laces, pepper, gum copal, sarsaparilla, hats, hammocks, ebony, barilla, gypsum, and skins.
The Lower "Beneficios"Village of Sotuta 6 16Horned cattle, horses, mules, hogs, skins, tallow, and dried beef.
TiziminVillage of Tizimin. 7 18Tortoise-shell, skins, timber, logwood, India-rubber, incense, tobacco, achiote (a substitute for saffron, and a very rich dye), starch from the yuca, cotton, wax, honey, molasses, sugar, rum, castor oil, salt, amber, vanilla, hogs, cochineal.
Island of CármenTown of Cármen 2 1Logwood.
Seiba-playaVillage of Seiba-playa 3 6Timber, rice, logwood, and salt.
BacalarTown of Bacalar 2 "Logwood, valuable timber, sugar of inferior quality, tobacco of the best description, rum, a fine species of hemp, known under the name of pita, resin, India-rubber, gum copal, pimento, sarsaparilla, vanilla, and gypsum.
Total 15 91 143