At the battle of Alexandria, 21 March, 1801, the French under Menon were defeated by the English, who were commanded by Sir Ralph Abercrombie. Abercrombie was wounded in the action and expired seven days afterwards.

543. Peace of Amiens, 1802. Obv. King r., holding trident and shield, crowned by Victory with palm. REGNO PACEM OBTULIT; in ex., SUPER PACE RATA DIE 27. MARTII. HANCOCK. Rev. View of St. Paul's. DEO GLORIAM REFERT; in ex., PAX CELEBRATA DIE I. JUNII. MDCCCII.: K. & K. H. Silver-gilt. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.

The Treaty of Amiens, concluded 27 Mar. 1802, between England, France, Spain, and Holland, restored peace to Europe. A public thanksgiving was held in England, 1st June following.

544. War with France and Spain: Victory of Trafalgar, 1805. Obv. Bust of Nelson l., in naval uniform. HORATIO VISCOUNT NELSON K.B. DUKE OF BRONTE &c.; on arm, C. H. K. Rev. Naval engagement. ENGLAND EXPECTS EVERY MAN WILL DO HIS DUTY; in ex., TRAFALGAR OCTṚ 21. 1805. Edge engraved, TO THE HEROES OF TRAFALGAR. FROM M. BOULTON. Silver-gilt. Size 1·85. By C. H. Küchler.

At the battle of Trafalgar the French and Spanish fleets under Villeneuve and Gravina were defeated by the English under Nelson, who was killed in the action. Twenty of the enemy's ships struck, and Villeneuve and the two Spanish admirals and 20,000 prisoners fell into the hands of the victors. This medal was presented by Mr. Boulton to every officer and seaman engaged in the battle. It was issued in silver, bronze-gilt, bronze, and white metal.

545. Peninsular War: Battle of Talavera, 1809. Obv. Bust of Wellington r., in military uniform. ARTHUR DUKE OF WELLINGTON. MILLS F. MUDIE. Rev. Victory facing, head l., giving wreath to lion, but withholding another from eagle. BATTLE OF TALAVERA. 1809. LA FITTE. MUDIE D. Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Lafitte.

The battle of Talavera, 27 July, 1809, was the first of the great victories of Wellington in the Peninsula. The French were commanded by Joseph Bonaparte, Victor and Sebastiani, and the Allies by Wellington and Cuesta. For this victory Wellington, then Sir Arthur Wellesley, was raised to the peerage. This is one of the series of National Medals issued under the direction of James Mudie in 1820, "to commemorate the succession of victories achieved by British arms over Napoleon." A number of English and foreign artists were employed in the accomplishment of this work.

546. Lines of Torres Vedras, 1810—1811. Obv. Wellington in military dress, seated l. within tent, and studying map. FABIUS CUNCTATOR. PETIT F. Rev. Tagus reclining l.; behind, orange-tree and tents. LINES OF TORRES VEDRAS—THE ENGLISH ARMY ON THE TAGUS. 1810—1811. MUDIE D. DUBOIS F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Petit and Dubois.

After the battle of Busaco, Wellington retired for winter-quarters into the Lines of Torres Vedras, which he entered 8 Oct. 1810; a position which Massena, who commanded the "army of Portugal," found impregnable. Wellington is naturally compared to Fabius Cunctator, whose delays baffled Hannibal.

547. Battle of Salamanca and Entry into Madrid, 1812. Obv. Soldiers advancing r., towards mountains, up which ascend horsemen and military train, against whom Victory l. hurls lightnings. JULY XXII. MDCCCXII. SALAMANCA. MUDIE D. Rev. Wellington on horseback l., receiving garland from Spaniards. THE BRITISH ARMY ENTERS MADRID. AVG. XII. MDCCCXII. BRENET F. Copper. Size 1·6. By Brenet.