[15] Christoffel Adolfszoon, a Dutch medallist who worked during the second half of the 17th century, is best known by a medal, which he executed of Michael de Ruyter. His work is coarse, but characteristic of Dutch medallic art of that period.
[16] Müller, whom Bolzenthal calls "der Meister Müller," worked in Holland during the middle of the 17th century, and executed medals of repoussé work of the same style as Pieter van Abeele.
[17] Jan Smeltzing, born at Nimeguen, worked principally at Leyden, where he incurred such blame by his satirical medals that he was compelled to seek refuge for a while in France. He was, however, allowed to return to Leyden, where he died at the end of the 17th century. Smeltzing worked for the Emperor Leopold I., Louis XIV. of France, and James II. and William III. of England, besides others. His medals were much esteemed.
[18] R. Arondeaux, French medallist of the second half of the 17th century, worked in the Netherlands, and was afterwards much employed by William III.
[19] Otto Hamerani, younger son of Giovanni Hamerani, was, like his father and brother Ermenegildo attached as medallist to the Papal Court, and executed a large number of medals for Clement XII., Benedict XIV., and Clement XIII. He also received many commissions from the Stuart Family, especially from the Elder Pretender, who rewarded him with handsome presents. He died 1768.
[20] Giacomo Hamerani, who executed this medal, was the last of that famous family of medallists. He worked chiefly at Rome, where he was chief medallist to Pius VI., and where this medal was struck.
[21] From this period the medals, with very few exceptions, are struck, those only which are cast will therefore be noticed.
[22] Jan Luder, a Dutch medallist of no special merit, executed a large number of medals for William and also for George III., Elector of Saxony.
[23] Philip Heinrich Müller, born at Augsburg 1653, was by trade a goldsmith. At an early age he practised die-cutting, and was employed by F. Kleinert and K. G. Lauffer of Nuremberg to execute medals. He appears to have worked for several years at Nuremberg, and afterwards to have returned to his native city, where he died in 1718.
[24] Johann Crocker or Croker, a native of Dresden, born 1670, was first apprenticed to a jeweller, but, having a desire to travel, he visited Holland, and afterwards England, where he practised die-sinking. He made such progress in his art, that in 1704 he was appointed chief engraver to the Mint, a post which he held till his death in 1741. His medallic portraits of the Royal family of England during that period are very numerous.