Fig. 222.—Mould for Lower Part of Clay Lamp (No. 546). L. 4¼ in.
(526) Cat. of Vases, II., B 507; (528) Excavations in Cyprus, p. 26, fig. 50; (531) Cf. Bull. della Comm. Arch. xxxiii. (1905), p. 146 ff; (532) Cat. of Jewellery, No. 609; (533) Excavations in Cyprus, p. 93, fig. 145; (535) Cat. of Vases II., B 432; (536) Proc. of Soc. of Ant., Ser. II., xvi., p. 40; (542) Cat. of Terracottas, B 376. pl. 20; (545) Cat. of Roman Pottery, M 82, 83; (546) Cat. of Lamps, 1401.
Gems and Pastes.—In the next division of Case H are objects illustrating the processes of producing Gems and Pastes. These include a series of scarabs, scarabaeoids, and other beads at various stages of manufacture (No. 548); a series of clay moulds for Graeco-Egyptian porcelain scarabs from Naukratis (No. 549) and a fine specimen of a paste cameo head of Silenos (No. 550). Here also are examples of stone socket-handles for a bow-drill (No. 551). In this and the next compartment several pieces of work are incised with designs intended to be filled in with inlay (No. 552). See also a series of fragments of an acanthus pattern in ivory, evidently intended to be inlaid. A piece of rock crystal is carved with ears of corn in intaglio, gilded (No. 553). See also examples of enamel work, of the period of the Roman empire, on studs, seal boxes, etc. (cf. p. 135, 155).
Woodworking, etc.—An interesting wooden box of Roman date is derived from Panticapaeum, in the Crimea (No. 554). This has two sliding lids, above and below respectively, each furnished with two catches. The interior was divided by a horizontal partition, and was again subdivided into numerous small divisions. An inlaid pattern decorates the border of the box. Another box of simpler construction (No. 555) was found in a grave in Bulgaria. Various specimens of fretwork in jet and ivory are shown, and two pieces of an egg and tongue moulding, carved in wood, and coloured with scarlet and gilding, from a sarcophagus, also found at Panticapaeum (No. 555*).
The Lathe.—In the next division are examples of work finished on the lathe, in a variety of materials, as marble, alabaster, coloured stones, crystal, bronze, ivory, bone, and wood; also a rough piece of alabaster from Cyprus, derived from a lathe mandrel.
[64:] Il. xviii. 600 ff.
XIX.—MEDICINE AND SURGERY.
(Table-Case H.)
Greek Medicine.—From the earliest times, as indicated by passages in the Homeric poems, the Greeks practised simple forms of surgery in such matters as the treatment of the wounded.[65] In the historic age of Greece we find temple or wonder-working medicine, practised in temples of Asklepios, especially at Epidaurus; and at the same time a school of medicine, of the Asklepiadae, seated in the island of Kos.