[8]

The Federalist, No. LXXVIII.

[9]

The Federalist, No. LXXVIII.

[10]

Cohens v. Virginia, 6 Wheaton 415.

[11]

To Madison, Ford, 9, 275.

[12]

Marshall's constitutional doctrine was not universally accepted, even in the courts of the northern states, until long afterward. As eminent a jurist as Chief Justice Gibson of Pennsylvania, as late as 1825, gave a very able dissenting opinion in opposition in Eakin v. Raub, 12 S.&R., 344.