1. Those which are always pronominal, as—
+——————————————+———————————————+ |Quejarse (to complain) |Jactarse (to boast) | |Avergonzarse (to be ashamed)|Maravillarse[126] (to wonder) | |Alegrarse[126] (to rejoice) |Proponerse[126] (to intend, to| |Arrepentirse (to repent) | purpose) | |Hacerse[126], volverse[126] |Desanimarse[126] (to feel | | (to become) | discouraged) | +——————————————+———————————————+
[Footnote 126: Some of these verbs may be also Transitive verbs with a modified meaning, as: Alegrar (to gladden), Maravillar (to surprise), Proponer (to propose). Here the pronominal form marks the difference between Transitive and Intransitive.]
2. A few which, when used pronominally, have their meaning intensified or more or less modified, as—
+————————————+—————————————————+ |Ir (to go) |Irse (to go away) | |Reir (to laugh) |Reírse (to laugh at = suggesting | | | scorn) | |Entender (to understand)|Entenderse de paños (to be a judge| | | of cloths) | |Dormir (to sleep) |Dormirse (to fall asleep) | |Correr (to run) |Correrse (to make a slip of the | | | tongue). | +————————————+—————————————————+
3. Many which may be used pronominally or otherwise without any appreciable or definable modification of meaning, as—
Estar, estarse (to be)
Quedar, quedarse (to remain)
Casar (con), casarse (con), (to marry)
Pensar, pensarse (to think)
Yo pienso, or me pienso que sí (I think so)
Me escapó de la memoria or (it escaped my memory).
Se me escapó de la memoria (it escaped my memory).
In the case of this third kind, students should not indulge freely in the pronominal form, but should wait until they see it in the reading of good books, because, although the meaning is practically the same in all cases, still there are "finesses" of shade which practice alone can teach.
=Irregular Verbs=.
We shall give only those Primary Tenses which are irregular and the
Derivative Tenses when they are not formed regularly from the Primary
Tenses from which they are derived[127]—