=echar=, to throw, to cast =echar á perder=, to spoil, to ruin, to wreck =echar al correo=, to post =edificio=, local, building =efectuar=, to effect =ejecutar=, to execute =ejército=, army =elaborar=, to elaborate =elegantemente=, elegantly, stylishly =elegir, escoger=, to choose, to select =elevar=, to raise, to enhance, to put up =embajador=, ambassador =embarcar=, to embark, to ship =embarque=, shipment =embrollar=, to entangle, to cheat =emisión=, issue =emitir=, to issue =empacar=, to pack =empeñar=, to engage, to pawn, to pledge =empeño (tener)=, to be earnest, anxious about anything =empeños=, obligations, engagements =empeoramiento=, turn for the worse, deterioration =empezar, comenzar=, to commence =emplear=, to employ =emplearse=, to be employed, used for =emprendedor=, enterprising =empresa=, undertaking, concern, enterprise =empréstito=, loan =en breve=, shortly =encaje=, lace =encaminar=, to forward =encargarse (de)=, to take charge =encarnado=, red =en caso que=, in case =encina, roble=, oak =encojerse=, to shrink =encojido=, shrunk, shrivelled =en contra de=, against =encontrar=, to meet, to find =encuadernar=, to bind (books) =endosar=, to endorse =en efectivo, en metálico=, in cash =Enero=, January =enfadado=, angry =enfermo, malo=, ill =enfurecido=, furious, infuriated =engañifa=, trick =engranaje=, gearing =en latas=, canned =en regla=, in order =ensartapapeles=, file =ensartar=, to file papers, to string beads =ensayo=, trial, proof, venture =en seguida=, at once =enseñanza=, teaching =enseñar=, to teach, to show =entender, comprender=, to understand =entenderse de=, to be a judge of =enterarse=, to get to know =entero (por)=, in full =entonces=, then, at that time =entrante, próximo=, next =entrar (en)=, to enter =entre=, between, amongst =entrega=, delivery =entregar=, to deliver, to hand (personally) =entrepuentes=, between decks =enviar, mandar=, to send =envidia=, envy =envió=, shipment =época=, epoch, time, period =equidad=, equity, fairness, fair dealing =equipo=, equipment =equitativo=, fair =equivocación=, mistake =equivocarse=, to make a mistake, to be mistaken =error=, mistake, error =escala=, ladder, scale =escala (hacer)=, to call at (steamers) =escandaloso=, scandalous, shocking =escaño=, stool =escapar, huir=, to escape =escarcha (tornado por la)=, frost-bitten =escarmentar=, to take warning =escoba=, broom =escoger, elegir=, to choose, to select =escribir (se)=, to write, to write to each other =escrito=, letter, writing (n.) =escritor=, writer =escritorio=, writing desk, office =escuchar=, to listen =es decir, á saber=, viz. =ese, a, o=, that =esfuerzo=, effort =espada=, sword =espalda=, shoulder =espaldas=, back =español=, Spanish =espantarse=, to be frightened =especias=, spices =especie=, species, kind, rumour, news =especulación=, deal, speculation =esperar=, to hope, to wait for, to expect =espeso=, thick =esposo-a=, husband, wife =esquela=, note =establecer (se)=, to establish, to establish oneself =estación, temporada=, season =estadística=, statistics =estallar=, to break out, to burst =estampar=, to print (cloth) =estancia=, stay =estante=, bookshelf =estaño=, tin =estar, estarse=, to be =este,-a,-o=, this =este=, east =estima=, appreciation, esteem =estiva=, stowage =estrenar=, to use or wear for the first time =estrenarse=, to make a start =estudiar=, to study =estufa=, stove =eternamente=, eternally, for ever =etiqueta=, ticket, label =evitar=, to avoid =exacto=, exact, accurate =examen=, examination =exceder=, to exceed, to overstep =exclusive=, exclusive, sole =exhibir=, to show, to exhibit =exigir=, to require =exiguo=, slender, slight, small =existencias=, stocks =éxito=, result =éxito (bueno, malo)=, success, failure =expedidor=, sender =experimentar=, to experience, to experiment =experto=, experienced =explicar, explanar=, to explain =explotar=, to exploit, to work (mines, etc.) =exponerse á=, to encounter, to expose oneself to =exportación=, export, exportation =exportador=, exporter, shipper =extender=, to extend, to stretch =extranjero=, foreigner, foreign, also abroad =extraño=, strange, queer
=F=
=fábrica de algodón=, cotton mill =fabricante=, manufacturer =facilidad=, ease, facility =factura=, invoice =facturar=, to invoice =falta=, want, absence of, fault, blame =falta de aceptación, de pago=, non-acceptance, non-payment =faltar=, to be wanting, to be necessary, to fail =fama=, fame, reputation, name =famoso=, famous =fantasías=, fancies =fardín, cuarto=, farthing, a trifling amount =fardito=, truss =fardo=, bale =favorable=, favourable =favorecer=, to oblige =Febrero=, February =fecha=, date =fecha de=, dated =feliz=, happy =ferretería=, ironware =ferrocarril=, railway =festoneado=, scalloped =fiador=, surety =fiados=, book debts =fidedigno=, trustworthy =fiel=, faithful =fielato=, octroi office =fiesta del comercio=, bank holiday =fijar=, to fix =fijo=, fixed, firm =filosofía=, philosophy =firma=, signature =firmar=, to sign =firmeza=, firmness =(el) fin=, the end =fino=, shrewd =fletar=, to charter, to freight =flete=, freight =flojedad=, slackness =flojo=, slack =flor=, flower =floreciente=, flourishing =folleto=, leaflet =fomento=, development, encouragement =fonda=, hotel, hotel =fondo=, bottom, ground (colour) =fondos=, funds, capital =forma=, shape =formal=, formal, respectable =forro=, lining =fortuna=, fortune =forzar=, to force, to strain =fósforos=, matches =fracasar=, to fall through =fracaso=, failure =franco de averia particular=, f.p.a. (free particular average) =franco de porte, tra(n)sporte pagado=, carriage paid =franja=, fringe =franqueo=, postage =frase=, phrase, sentence =frazada=, blanket =frecuentemente=, frequently =(la) frente=, forehead =(el) frente=, front =fresno=, ash =frío= (adj. and n), cold =fruta=, fruit =fruto=, fruit of labour, etc. =fuente=, fountain, source =fuerte=, strong, fast, firm =fuerza motriz=, motive power =fugitivo= loose (colours) =fulano=, so and so =funcionar de, proceder (como)=, to act as =fundar=, to found =furioso=, furious =fustán=, fustian
=G=
=galón=, gallon =gana=, inclination, desire =gana, de buena, mala=, willingly, unwillingly =ganancias y pérdidas=, profit and loss =ganar=, to gain, to earn =ganga=, a bargain, cheap lot =garabato=, clothes hook =garantizar=, to guarantee, to warrant =garbanzos=, Spanish peas =garrote=, stick, cudgel =gastar=, to spend, to spoil; also to wear (usually) =gato=, cat, jack (machinery) =general=, general =géneros=, goods =géneros alimenticios=, food-stuffs =géneros imperfectos=, jobs =generoso=, generous =genio=, temper =gente (la)=, people =gerente=, manager =girar=, to draw (a bill), to turn =giro=, bill, draft, also turnover =gobernar=, to govern =gobierno=, government =goleta=, schooner =goma elástica, caucho=, rubber =gorra (gorro)=, cap =gorrión=, sparrow =gozar=, to enjoy =grabado=, embossed =gracia=, grace, gracefulness =graduación=, gradation, degree =granadas=, pomegranates =grande (gran)=, great, large =grande velocidad (á)=, by fast train =granizar=, to hail =granjearse=, to win over =granos, mercado de=, grain, grain market =gratificación=, gratuity =gratitud=, gratitude =gratuito=, gratuitous, honorary =grifo=, cock (machinery) =gris=, grey =grito=, cry, shout =grueso=, thick =gruñir=, to growl, to grumble, to grunt =guante=, glove =guardafuego=, fender =guardapapeles=, file =guardar=, to keep =guardar cama=, to lie in bed =guardias aduaneras=, custom house officials =guarnición=, trimming =guerra=, war =guingas, carranclanes=, ginghams =guisantes=, green peas =gustar=, to please =gustar (á uno)=, to like
=H=
=habas=, broad beans =haber=, to have, there to be =haber menester=, to need =habérselas con uno=, to dispute, to wrangle, to vie with =hábil=, clever =habitantes=, inhabitants =hablar=, to speak =hacer=, to do, to make =hacer caso=, to take notice =hacer constar=, to show, to demonstrate =hacer falta=, to be wanted =hacer frente=, to face, to meet (bills, etc.) =hacerse=, to become =hacer una remesa=, to send a remittance =hachuelas (hachas)=, hatchets (axes) =hacienda=, property, shop, stores =hallar, encontrar=, to find =hambre=, hunger =hampa=, vagabonds (company of) =hasta que=, until =hasta la fecha=, to date =hasta que punto=, to what extent =hato=, wearing apparel, bundle of clothes =hay=, there is, there are =haya=, beech =heces de sebo=, tallow, greaves =hecho=, fact, action =helar=, to freeze =(la= or =el) hélice=, the screw (of a boat) =herida=, wound, sting =herir=, to wound, to cut (fig.) =hermano=, brother =hermosamente=, beautifully =hermoso=, beautiful, fine, handsome =herramientas=, tools =hervir=, to boil =hidalguía=, nobleness, chivalry =hielo=, escarcha, frost =hierro=, iron =higos=, figs =higuera=, fig tree =hija política, nuera=, daughter-in-law =hijo=, son =hijodalgo=, gentleman by birth, squire =hijo político, yerno=, son-in-law =hilador=, spinner =hilados=, yarn =hilar=, to spin =hinchazón=, boom =hipoteca, mortgage =hipotecar=, to mortgage =historia=, history =holandas=, hollands =holgazán=, lazy =hombre=, man =hombre llano=, rough-and-ready man =honor=, honour =honradez=, honesty =honrar=, to honour =hora=, hour =hortelano= (fruit) gardener =hortera=, office boy (jocularly) =hoy=, to-day =huelga=, strike =huerta=, orchard =hueso=, bone =huir, escapar=, to flee, to escape =humear=, to smoke (of a chimney) =hundimiento=, subsidence
=I=
=el idioma=, the language =igual=, equal =igualar=, to equal, to match =ilustrado=, enlightened =ilustrar=, to illustrate =ilustre=, illustrious =impedir=, to hinder =imperfectos=, job lots =imponer=, to impose, also to inform =importaciones=, imports =importancia=, importance, amount =importar=, to matter =importar (en)=, to amount to =importe=, amount =imprimir (impreso)=, to print (printed) =imprevidencia=, want of foresight =imprevisto=, unforeseen =impuesto=, tax =impuesto de consumos=, octroi duties =incertidumbre=, uncertainty =incluir=, to enclose, to include =inconveniencia=, unsuitability, impropriety =inconveniente=, inconvenience =indemnidad=, indemnity, signed guarantee =indemnización=, indemnity (compensation for loss) =indicar=, to indicate, to point out =indígena=, native =industria=, industry =inercia=, idleness, inertia =infeliz=, unhappy =ínfimo=, infinitesimal =infinidad=, an infinite number =informe=, report =informes=, information(s), references =informar (de)=, to inform of, to acquaint with =ingeniero=, engineer =ingratitud=, ingratitude =ingresos netos=, net revenue =inmaturo, verde=, unripe =inmediato=, immediate =innavegable=, unnavigable =innoble=, ignoble =inquilino=, tenant =inquietarse=, to feel uneasy =integro=, integer, whole, upright =inteligencia=, intelligence =intención=, intention =intentar=, to intend =interés=, interest =interesante=, interesting =ínterin (en el)=, in the meantime =interino=, interim =interior=, interior, inland =intervista=, interview =interpretar=, to interpret =invertir=, to invest (money) =invierno=, winter =ir=, to go, to lead to =irrisorio=, laughable, absurd, ridiculously low (of prices) =irse=, to go away =isla=, island =izquierda=, left