[31.1] quīppe quī: ‘since indeed he,’ etc. quī = cum is (cf. p. 4, n. 3), and the relative clause has its verb in the subjunctive because it expresses a reason: H 592, 1 (517, 3, 1)): M 840: A 320, e, N. 1: G 633: B 283, 3, a.
[31.2] dat. of advantage.
[31.3] eō = ‘for this reason,’ explained by quod . . . āvertisset.
[31.4] māiōrī fuit honōrī: ‘was all the more credit’; cf. [p. 25, n. 6].
[31.5] In the fifth century B.C. the Gauls left their homes in northwestern Europe, and, crossing the Alps, gained control of the fertile valley of the Po. Hence that part of the Italian peninsula was called Gallia Cisalpina. Thence they made raids into the lands to the south.
[31.6] With tertium sc. ab urbe Rōmā. On all the roads leading from Rome milestones were set up to mark the distance from the gate in the Servian Wall (see map, [p. xxviii]), by which the road issued from the capital.
[31.7] Sc. duōrum exercituum, i.e. ‘between the two armies.’
[31.8] quam . . . potuit: cf. [p. 26, n. 10].
[31.9] subjunctive of exhortation or command: H 559, 1 (484, II): M 713: A 266: G 263, 3: B 274.
[31.10] Iniussū tuō: ‘without your consent.’