[81.1] ‘proved himself.’

[81.2] See [p. 25, n. 6].

[81.3] objective gen. ([p. 14, n. 15]) with the part. temperāns, which here = a simple adj. So somnī is obj. gen. with parcus.

[81.4] Sc. erat.

[81.5] abl. of specification.

[81.6] eī venientī: ‘(as a mark of respect) to him when approaching.’ is a dat. of advantage with adsurgere.

[81.7] After quem, whose antecedent is Carbō, [l. 31], this word might have been omitted without loss of clearness. In fact, such omission is the more usual construction.

[81.8] quae . . . fuisset: causal. Note that in forming the pluperfect subjunctive certain writers often use fuisset for esset.

[81.9] What were the exact words of Sthenius?

[82.1] parcō.