[15] In this connection the reader is recommended to consult C. Lloyd-Morgan’s works, in particular Animal Life and Intelligence. See also the interesting remarks on “De L’Amour Maternal,” in Sociétés Animales, by Alfred Espinas, pp. 172-180.
[16] See Espinas, Des Sociétés Animales, especially Chapter V, “Société domestique paternelle,” pp. 236 et seq.
[17] These cases, as well as many others in this and in the next chapter, are taken from Pycraft’s Infancy of Animals. I would wish to record my indebtedness to this fascinating book. To prevent continuous reference notes, wherever it is not otherwise stated, the reader will know the cases I quote have been taken from Mr. Pycraft’s book.
[18] The reader is referred to a small book by St. George Mivart, The Common Frog.
[19] I quote from Mr. Pycraft’s account of this incident, Infancy of Animals, p. 193.
[20] Pycraft gives a short account of their habits, ibid., pp. 200-206.
[21] Problems of Sex, by J. A. Thomson and Prof. Geddes, p. 20.
[22] Pycraft, The Infancy of Animals, pp. 215-216; G. J. Romanes, Animal Intelligence, pp. 243-245, 246-247; J. A. Thomson and Prof. Geddes, Problems of Sex, p. 20.
[23] Animal Intelligence, p. 242.
[24] Pycraft. These cases, with those that follow, are again taken from The Infancy of Animals, pp. 217-219.