[27] These examples of female parasitism have been taken from Evolution of Sex, p. 17; see also pp. 19-22. The authors bring them forward with many other examples to prove the main thesis of their book—that the character of the female is anabolic, that of the male katabolic. In establishing this theory they do not appear to give sufficient importance to the fact that this degeneration of the female is only found where the conditions of life are parasitic.
[28] Evolution of Sex, p. 21; Pure Sociology, pp. 316-317.
[29] "Notes on the Mosquitoes of the United States," by L.O. Howard, Bulletin No. 25, New Series, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, 1900, p. 12. Quoted by Lester Ward, Pure Sociology, p. 317.
[30] Descent of Man, p. 208.
[31] Science, Vol. XV., Jan. 1902, p. 30.
[32] Fulton, Naturalist to the Scottish Fishery Board. Cited in Evolution of Sex, p. 22; see also pp. 25, 272, 295.
[33] Pure Sociology, pp. 317, 318.
[34] Birds of Britain, by J. Lewis Bonhote, p. 208; also pp. 190-221.
[35] A similar condition will be found in the even more complex societary forms of ant-hills. Among the vast population of the ants all the workers and soldiers are arrested in their sexual development, remaining, as it were, permanent children of both sexes. It seems probable that this explains the limit that has been reached in the evolution of these wonderful creatures, which in certain directions have attained to an extraordinary development, and have then become curiously and immovably arrested. See Problems of Sex, by J.A. Thomson and Prof. Patrick Geddes, p. 24; Mind in Animals, by Büchner, p. 60; and Woman and Labour, by Olive Schreiner, p. 78.
[36] Problems of Sex, p. 34. I would recommend this admirable little book to all students.