The First Book of Farming

by C. L. Goodrich

Vitality of seeds, the ability of seeds to grow.

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INDEX

• Acid phosphates, [196].
• Adobe soils, [30].
• After-cultivation, [158], [164].
  • benefits from, [164].
  • flat, [169].
  • frequency of, [167].
  • saves water, [164].
  • shallow, [15], [167], [169].
  • time for, [166].
  • tools for, [167].
• Agencies active in making soils, [32].
• Agents, with which farmer works, [5].
  • most important, [6].
• Agriculture, foundation facts and principles of, [22].
• Air, and the farmer, [5].
  • in relation to germination, [72].
  • necessary for root growth, [20].
  • work of, in making soils, [36].
• Albuminoids in plants, [64], [66].
• Alfalfa or lucern, [68].
  • roots, [13].
  • soils, [29].
• Ammonia in fertilizers, [204], [205].
  • in barn manures, [175].
  • lost by fermentation, [175].
  • sulphate of, [194].
• Analysis of plants, [163-166].
  • of fertilizers, [203].
• Animals, [5].
  • and the farmer, [5].
  • dependent on plants, [6].
  • work of, in making soils, [37].
• Annual plants, [125].
• Anthers, [129].
• Aphis, [116].
• Apple, flower of, [129], [130].
• Ash in plants, [65], [66].
• Ashes, a source of potash, [199].
  • cotton hull, [199].
• Bacteria, [68], [143].
  • and the farmer, [5], [144].
  • denitrifying, [144].
  • in manures, [174].
  • in the roots of legumes, [68].
  • in the soil, [68], [143].
  • nitrifying, [144].
  • nitrogen-fixing, [144].
• Bare fallow, [100].
  • when advisable, [100].
• Barn manures, [171].
  • application of, [177].
  • condition of, [179].
  • effect of on soil texture, [172].
  • loss of value of, [173].
  • meaning of term, [173].
• Beet, [6].
• Beets, [4].
  • nitrogen for, [214].
• Biological properties of a fertile soil, [143].
• Biology, [143].
• Blood, dried, [194].
  • as a fertilizer, [194].
  • nitrogen in, [194].
• Bokhara clover, [190].
• Bone, dissolved, [197].
  • dust, [197].
  • ground, [197].
• Bone fertilizers, [197].
  • meal, [197].
  • raw, [197].
  • steamed, [197].
• Bone black, [197].
  • dissolved, [198].
• Bones, [195], [197].
• Bordeaux mixture, [118].
• Breaking out the middles, [97].
• Brick, [30].
• Brush harrow, [102], [105].
• Buds, [120].
• Buildings, [5].
  • and the farmer, [5].
• Bureau of soils, United States, [28].
  • Department of Agriculture, [28].
• Buttercup, flower of, [129], [130].
• Cabbage, fertilizer for, [211].
  • soil, [28], [161].
  • transplanting, [87], [88].
  • worm, [117].
• Cabbages, [4].
• Calcium in plants, [66], [67].
  • in soils, [68].
• Calyx, [129].
  • function of, [132].
• Cambium, [126].
• Canadian field pea, [189].
• Canteloupe soil, [28].
• Capillary force, [49].
  • meaning of term, [49].
  • tubes, [49].
  • water, [153].
• Carbon in plants, [66].
• Carbonic acid in soil, [37].
• Carrots, [4], [6].
• Cauliflower soil, [28].
• Celery, [4].
• Cellulose in plants, [63], [66].
• Chain harrow, [102], [105].
• Chemical properties of a fertile soil, [147].
• Cherry flower, [129], [130].
• Chlorophyl in leaves, [113].
• Classification of soils, [26].
• Clay, [27], [38].
  • and lime, [42].
  • loams, [29].
  • power to absorb water, [41], [42].
  • relation to water, [25], [41], [43].
  • soils, [29].
  • soils injured by working when wet, [45].
  • to improve texture of, [42].
  • water-holding power, [44].
• Clevis, [93].
• Climbing plants, [121].
• Clover, [68].
  • Bokhara, [190].
  • crimson, [189].
  • mammoth, [189].
  • red, [188].
• Clovers, as green manure-crops, [188].
  • as nitrogen gatherers, [184].
  • nodules on roots of, [184].
• Commercial fertilizers, [171], [192].
  • amount to buy, [212].
  • home mixing, [211].
  • kind to buy, [212].
  • raw materials, [192].
  • (See also Fertilizers.)
• Composts, [171], [181].
• Conditions necessary for root growth, [20].
• Corn, a humus waster, [226].
  • depth of root growth of, [13].
  • flower of, [132].
  • germination of, [78], [79].
  • in rotation, [226], [229], [234].
  • plant, [6].
  • pollination of, [133].
  • rapid growth of roots of, [13].
  • roots cut by plow, [14].
  • soils, [28], [29], [30], [161].
  • structure of seed, [78].
  • water used by, [40].
• Corolla, [129].
  • function of, [132].
• Cotton, [5], [161].
  • a humus waster, [221].
  • in rotation, [225-229].
  • plant, [6].
  • plant food removed by, [227].
  • Sea Island, [161].
  • soils, [28], [29], [161].
  • upland, [161].
• Cotton hull ashes, [199].
• Cotton-seed meal, [194].
• Cotyledons, [77].
  • use of, [79].
• Coulter of plow, [94].
• Coulter-toothed harrow, [102], [104].
• Cow manure, [178].
  • losses by exposure, [178].
• Cowpeas, [68], [186].
  • for green manuring, [186].
  • plant food in, [187].
  • root growth of, [12].
  • soils for, [187].
• Cropping and soil water, [159], [160].
• Crops, cleansing, [232].
  • feeding, [232].
  • in rotation, [219].
  • manurial, [232].
  • money, [232].
• Cucumber flower, [133].
• Cultivation.
  • (See After-cultivation.)
• Denitrification, [147].
  • conditions favoring, [147].
• Denitrifying germs, [144], [147].
• Draft ring of plow, [93].
• Draining, need of, [235].
• Drains, [235-239].
  • and capillary water, [237].
  • covered, [237].
• Drains, effect on film water, [237].
  • effect on plant food, [238].
  • effect on soil temperature, [238].
  • effect on soil water, [237].
  • grade of, [239].
  • lateral, [239].
  • location of, [238].
  • main, [239].
  • open ditch, [237].
  • surface, [237].
  • tile, [239].
• Dried blood, [194].
  • as a fertilizer, [194].
  • nitrogen in, [194].
• Early crops, soils for, [27], [28].
• Egg experiments to show osmose, [18], [19].
• Egg plant, soil for, [28].
• Elements in plants, [66].
• Elm tree leaf beetle, [117].
• Endosperm, [78].
  • use of, [79].
• Epicotyl, [78].
• Essential organs of flowers, [131].
• Evaporation, loss of water by, [54].
  • loss of heat by, [59].
• Excursion,
  • to examine soils, [24].
  • to see plow cutting roots, [14].
  • to study roots, [11].
  • to study leaves, [108].
  • to study stems, [120].
  • to visit farm, [4].
• Experiment to show,
  • air necessary for germination, [73].
  • amount of transpiration, [110].
  • capillarity, [49].
  • capacity of soils for film water, [51].
  • checking loss of water by evaporation, [55].
  • chlorophyl necessary for starch making, [113].
  • effect of soil mulch, [55].
  • depth of planting seeds, [81].
  • effect of lime on clay soil, [42].
  • effect of working soil when wet, [26], [45].
  • exclusion of oxygen by leaf, [113].
  • film water, [50].
  • growth in length of roots, [16].
  • heat necessary for germination, [73].
  • how food and water get into the root, [18], [19].
  • how soils are warmed, [58].
  • how soils lose heat, [59].
  • importance of roots, [7].
  • moisture necessary for germination, [71].
  • no starch formed in dark, [112].
  • osmose, [18], [19].
  • plants contain albuminoids, [64].
  • plants contain ashes, [65].
  • plants contain cellulose, [63].
  • plants contain gum, [64].
  • plants contain oil, [64].
  • plants contain starch, [64].
  • plants contain sugar, [64].
  • plants contain water, [65].
  • power of soils to absorb rain, [40].
  • power of soils to hold water, [44], [45].
  • power of soils to pump water, [43].
  • roots absorb moisture, [9].
  • roots take food from soil, [9].
  • roots produce new plants, [10].
  • roots need air, [21].
  • soil characteristics, [24], [25].
  • soil temperature, [57], [60].
  • starch in leaf, [111].
  • stems carry sap, [122].
  • stems store food, [124].
  • transpiration, the fact, [109].
  • transpiration, amount, [111].
  • use of cotyledons, [79].
  • what becomes of water taken by roots, [39].
• Fallow, bare, [100].
• Fall plowing, [99].
• Families of plants, [86].
• Farm drainage, [235].
• Farm manures, [171], [183].
  • classification of, [171].
  • importance of, [172].
• Farmer deals with agents, laws and forces, [5].
• Fat in plants, [64].
• Fermentation of manures, [174].
• Fertile soil, a, [141].
  • biological properties of, [142], [143].
  • chemical properties of, [142], [147].
  • most important properties of, [150].
  • physical properties of, [142].
• Fertility of the soil, [150].
  • economizing the, [150].
  • maintaining the, [150].
• Fertilizers, commercial, [68], [192].
  • analysis of, [203].
  • classification of, [171].
  • home mixing, [211].
  • how to know what kind is needed, [212].
  • importance of thorough mixing with the soil, [15].
  • manufactured, [202].
  • many brands, [202].
  • mixed, [202].
  • raw materials, [192].
  • sources of lime, [193], [200].
  • sources of nitrogen, [193].
  • sources of phosphoric acid, [193], [195].
  • sources of potash, [193], [199].
  • use of by farmer, [172], [192].
  • value of plant food in, [205].
• Filament of stamen, [129].
• Film water, [50].
• Fish scrap as a fertilizer, [194].
• Flower,
  • of apple, [129], [130].
  • of buttercup, [129], [130].
  • calyx, [129].
  • of cherry, [129], [130].
  • corolla, [129].
  • of cucumber, [133].
  • functions of parts of, [130].
  • of honeysuckle, [129].
  • of melon, [133].
  • parts of, [129].
  • of peach, [129], [130].
  • petals, [129].
  • of petunia, [129].
  • pistil, [130].
  • pollen, [130].
  • of potato, [129].
  • sepals, [129].
  • stamen, [129].
  • of squash, [133].
  • of tomato, [129].
  • of wild mustard, [129], [130].
• Flowers, [8], [128].
  • essential parts of, [131].
  • functions of, [130].
• Food of plants, [63].
• Forces of nature and the farmer, [5].
• Forest soils, [29].
• Foundation facts and principles of agriculture, [22].
• Free water in the soil, [48], [153].
  • injurious to roots, [153].
  • source of capillary and film water, [153].
• Fresno sand, [28].
• Fruit, [8], [136].
• Fruit soils, [29].
• Fruits, [27].
• Furrow slice, [96].
• Gas lime, [201].
• Geranium, [6].
• Germinating seeds,
  • need air, [73].
  • need heat, [73].
  • need water, [71].
• Germs, [143].
  • denitrifying, [144], [147].
  • nitrifying, [144], [145].
  • nitrogen fixing, [144].
• Goosefoot family, [86].
• Gourd family, [86].
• Grafting, [136].
• Grain crops humus wasters, [224].
• Grain soils, [28].
• Grass, [5].
  • family, [86].
  • soils, [28], [29], [30], [162].
• Gravel, [26].
• Gravelly loams, [29].
• Green-crop manures, [171], [183].
  • benefits from, [185].
  • best plants for, [185].
• Green manure-crops, [186].
  • clovers as, [188].
  • cowpeas as, [186].
  • legumes as, [186].
  • non-leguminous, [191].
  • soy-bean as, [189].
  • time for growing, [186].
• Gum in plants, [64], [66].
• Gypsum, [201].
• Habit of growth of roots, [11].
• Handles of plow, [93].
• Harrowing, [101], [158].
  • objects of, [101].
  • time for, [101].
• Harrows, [4], [102].
  • brush, [102], [105].
  • chain, [102], [105].
  • coulter-toothed, [102], [104].
  • plank, [102], [105].
  • rolling cutter, [102], [103].
  • spike-toothed, [102], [104].
  • spring-toothed, [102], [103].
• Hay soils, [29], [30].
• Heat and the farmer, [5].
• Heat necessary for germination, [73].
• Hilling the crop, [169].
• Hilum, [77].
• Hoeing and soil water, [158].
• Hoes, [4].
• Horn shavings as fertilizer, [195].
• Horse manure, [176].
  • losses when piled, [176].
• House plants, watering of, [51].
• How the bean gets up, [78].
• How the corn gets up, [79].
• Humus, [27], [38].
  • influence on soil texture, [62].
  • nitrogen in, [67].
  • a source of nitrogen, [67].
  • water-absorbing power of, [41].
  • water-holding power of, [44].
  • water-pumping power of, [43].
• Hydrogen in plants, [66].
• Hypocotyl, [78].
• Ice, work of, in making soils, [35].
• Insects, chewing, [117].
  • how to combat, [116], [117].
  • injure leaves, [116].
  • sucking, [116].
• Insect pollination, [131].
• Inter-tillage, [164].
• Iodine, test for starch, [64].
• Iron in plants, [66].
• Jointer of plow, [95].
  • value as a pulverizer, [95].
• Kainite, [199].
• Knowledge of flowers, value of, [134].
• Land plaster, [200].
• Laws of nature, [5].
• Leaf work, conditions necessary for, [114].
  • interfered with, [115], [118].
• Leather as a fertilizer, [195].
• Leaves, [8], [108].
  • digest food, [114].
  • facts about, [108].
  • functions of, [109].
  • manufacture starch, [112].
  • transpire water, [110].
• Legume family, [86].
• Legumes, definition of, [68].
  • nitrogen fixers, [68], [186], [144].
  • value as green manure plants, [144], [185].
• Leguminous plants, [68].
• Light necessary for leaf work, [114].
• Lily family, [86].
• Lime, [200].
  • amount to use, [200].
  • effect on sand, [200].
  • effect on clay, [200].
  • in soils, [149].
  • its action on soils, [149], [200].
  • sets free potash, [149].
  • sources of, [171], [200].
• Lime stone soluble in water, [31].
• Loam, [28].
• Loamy soils, [28].
• London purple, [117].
• Loss of soil water, [53], [155].
• Lucern, [13].
  • roots, [13].
• Magnesium in plants, [66].
• Maintenance of fertility, [150].
• Materials composing soils, [26].
• Mallow family, [86].
• Manures, barn, [171], [173].
  • application of, [177].
  • care of, [173].
  • checking losses from, [176].
  • effect on soil texture, [172].
  • effect on soil water, [159].
  • functions of, [171].
  • losses from leaching, [173].
  • losses from heating, [174].
• Many things the farmer deals with, [5].
• Marigold, [6].
• Marl, [201].
• Melon flower, [133].
• Miami sand, [28].
• Microscopic organisms, [5].
• Mixed fertilizers, [202].
  • inflating the guarantee, [204].
  • low grade, [204], [207].
  • many brands, [202].
  • valuation of, [205].
• Morning-glory, [129].
• Most important factor in the raising of crops, [151].
• Mould board of plow, [94].
• Muck, swamp, [30].
• Mulch, soil, [56].
  • how made, [56].
  • to save water, [56].
• Muriate of potash, [199].
• Mustard, family, [86].
  • flower, [129], [130].
• Muskmelon soils, [161].
• Night shade family, [86].
• Nitrates, what they are, [146].
  • availability of, [146], [193].
  • solubility of, [146].
• Nitrate of soda, [193].
  • nitrogen, [193].
• Nitric acid in soil, [146].
• Nitrification, [146].
  • aided by plowing, [146].
  • aided by lime, [146].
  • conditions favorable to, [146].
• Nitrifying germs, [144], [145].
• Nitrogen, [66].
  • added to the soil by legumes, [68].
  • grown on the farm, [68].
  • in humus, [167].
  • in soils, [67], [148].
  • in plants, [66], [67].
  • in fertilizers, [192].
  • loss of, [67].
  • sources of, [171].
• Nitrogen-fixing germs, [144].
• Non-leguminous green manure-crops, [191].
• Norfolk sand, [28].
• Oats, soil for, [29].
• Object of this book, [3].
• Odorless phosphate, [198].
• Oil in plants, [64], [66].
• One-crop system, [221].
  • effect on fertility, [221].
• Onion, [6].
• Organic matter,
  • in soils, [32], [62], [220].
  • value of, [61].
• Osmose, [18].
• Ovary of flower, [130].
• Ovules, [130].
• Oxygen in plants, [66].
• Paris green to destroy chewing insects, [117].
• Parsley family, [86].
• Parsnip root, depth of growth, [13].
• Parsnips, [4].
• Pasture, soils for, [30].
• Pea family, [86].
  • soils, [28].
• Peach borer, [127].
  • flower, [130].
• Peanuts, [5].
• Peat, [30].
• Peppers, soil for, [28].
• Percolation of water, [41].
• Petals, [129].
• Petunia, [129].
• Pigweeds, [5], [6].
• Pistil, [130].
  • function of, [131].
• Phosphate, odorless, [198].
  • rock, [195].
  • slag, [195], [198].
• Phosphoric acid, [195].
  • available, [195], [196].
  • in fertilizers, [195].
  • in soil, [148].
  • insoluble, [195], [196].
  • reverted, [196].
  • soluble, [196].
  • sources of, [171].
• Phosphorus in plants, [66], [67].
  • in soils, [68].
• Plank harrow, [102], [105].
• Plant, analysis of, [63].
  • most important part of to plant itself, [7].
  • most important part of to plant grower, [7].
• Plant diseases, [118].
• Plant food, [63].
  • and the farmer, [5].
• Plant food, in soil, [63].
  • in fertilizers, [68], [192], [205].
  • what it is, [63], [69].
• Planting,
  • corn, [84].
  • grass seed, [84].
  • grain seed, [84].
  • method of, [83].
  • seeds, [81].
  • vegetable seeds, [84].
• Plants, [5].
  • and the farmer, [5].
  • conditions for growth, [6].
  • composition of food of, [63].
  • for study, [6].
  • living, growing things, [6].
  • parts of, [6].
  • resemble one another, [6].
  • why raised, [6].
  • work of in making soils, [36].
• Plow beam, [93].
  • coulter, [94].
  • characteristics of, [95].
  • clevis, [93].
  • cutting roots, [15].
  • draft ring, [93].
  • handles, [93].
  • jointer, [95].
  • landside, [94].
  • mouldboard, [94].
  • parts of, [92].
  • shackle, [93].
  • share, [93].
  • standard, [92].
  • truck, [95].
• Plowing, [90].
  • depth of, [96].
  • effect on soil water, [156].
  • favors root growth, [14].
  • in fall, [99], [157].
  • in spring, [98], [157].
  • importance of deep, [15], [17].
  • objects of, [91], [92].
  • to save water, [92].
  • time for, [98].
• Plows, [4].
• Plumule, [78].
• Pollen, [130].
• Pollination, [131], [132], [135].
  • cross, [132], [133], [135].
  • of wild goose plum, [134].
• Potash, [199].
  • in fertilizers, [199].
  • in soils, [149].
  • sources of, [171].
• Potassium, in plants, [66], [67].
  • in soils, [68].
• Potato, [6].
  • soils, [28], [29], [161].
• Potato, sweet,
  • roots of, [13].
  • soils, [28], [160].
• Properties of a fertile soil, [141].
• Pruning, [137].
• Quitch-grass, [121].
  • underground stem of, [121].
• Radicle, [78].
• Radish, shrunken root of, [10].
• Ragweed, [5].
• Rain, work of in making soils, [33].
  • on clay soils, [41].
  • on sandy soils, [41].
• Rake, [101].
• Rakes, [4].
• Raking and soil water, [158].
• Red spider, [117].
• Rhubarb soil, [28].
• Ridging the soil, [98], [158], [169].
• Rock salt, [31].
• Rollers, [107].
• Rolling, [101], [106], [158].
  • autumn-sown grain, [106].
  • light soils, [106].
  • reason for, [106].
  • spring-sown grain, [106].
• Rolling cutter harrows, [102].
• Root, [8].
  • how it takes moisture, [18].
  • most important part of plant, [7].
• Root hairs, [17], [18].
• Roots,
  • absorb water, [9], [11], [17].
  • absorb plant food, [10], [11].
  • alfalfa, [13].
  • and fertilizers, [15].
  • growth of in length, [16].
  • conditions necessary for growth of, [8], [20], [141], [220].
  • corn, [13].
  • cowpea, [12].
  • depth of growth of, [12].
  • extent of growth of, [12].
  • habit of growth of, [11], [15].
  • hold plant in place, [9], [11], [15], [16].
  • important lessons from, [13], [15].
  • location of, [12], [13].
  • need firm soil, [20], [22], [23].
  • need mellow soil, [20], [22], [23].
  • need moist soil, [20], [22], [23].
  • need plant food in soil, [20], [22], [23].
  • need warm soil, [20], [22], [23].
  • need air in soil, [21], [22], [23].
  • produce new plants, [10], [11].
  • rapidity of growth of, [15].
  • soy-bean, [12].
  • store food, [10], [11].
  • sweet potato, [13].
  • tree, [13].
  • uses of, [9], [10], [11], [15].
  • work of, [9], [10], [15].
• Rotation of crops, [219].
  • benefits from, [230].
  • conditions which modify, [232].
  • effect upon fertility, [224].
  • examples of, [234].
  • general rules for, [233].
  • length of, [233].
  • typical, [231].
• Sampling soils, [163].
• Sand, [26], [38].
  • Fresno, [28].
  • grades of, [26].
  • Miami, [28].
  • Norfolk, [28].
  • power to absorb water, [41], [43].
• Sandy soils, [27].
  • adapted to early truck, [27].
  • effect of humus on, [43], [44], [220].
  • improving, [43].
  • water-holding power of, [44].
• Sandy loam, [28].
• Sapwood, [126].
• Scythes, [4].
• Seed leaves, [77].
• Seed, [130].
  • classification of, [85].
  • crab,
  • drills, [4], [84].
  • planting, [81], [83].
• Seeds, [8].
  • depth to plant, [81].
  • how they come up, [77].
  • how to test, [75].
  • which germinate at a temperature of 45 degrees, [74].
  • which germinate at a temperature of 60 degrees, [74].
• Seeds to germinate,
  • need air, [72], [73], [75].
  • need heat, [73], [75].
  • need moisture, [71], [75].
• Sepals, [129].
• Shallow cultivation, [14], [15], [167], [169].
• Share of plow, [93].
• Shackle of plow, [93].
• Silt, [27], [38].
• Silt loam, [29].
• Small fruit soils, [20].
• Soil,
  • a fertile, [141].
  • definition of, [23].
  • formation of, [30], [237].
  • material composing, [147], [26].
  • mulch, [56].
  • temperature, [57], [60].
  • testing, [162], [215].
  • texture, [37], [142].
  • texture important, [142], [143].
  • ventilation, [68], [142].
  • warmed by sun, [58].
  • warmed by conduction, [58].
  • water, [40], [151].
• Soils, [5], [23].
  • adobe, [30].
  • alfalfa, [29].
  • and the farmer, [5].
  • attitude of toward water, [40].
  • cabbage, [28], [161].
  • canteloupe, [28], [161].
  • capacity for film water, [51].
  • cauliflower, [28].
  • classified, [26].
  • clay, [29].
  • cloddy, [38].
  • close, [38].
  • coarse, [38].
  • compact, [38].
  • corn, [28], [29], [30], [161].
  • cotton, [28], [29], [161].
  • effect of working when wet, [26], [41].
  • egg plant, [28].
  • fine, [38].
  • forest, [29].
  • fruit, [27], [29].
  • general farming, [28], [29].
  • grain, [28], [162].
  • grass, [28], [29], [162].
  • gravelly, [29].
  • hard, [38].
  • hay, [29], [30].
  • heavy, [38].
  • how made, [30].
  • humus, [27], [38].
  • leachy, [38].
  • loamy, [28].
  • loose, [38].
  • lose heat, [59].
  • light, [38].
  • lime in, [67], [149].
  • loss of water from, [53], [153].
  • lumpy, [38].
  • mellow, [38].
  • oat, [29].
  • open, [38].
  • organic matter in, [220].
  • pasture, [30].
  • pea, [28].
  • peat, [30].
  • peppers, [28].
  • plant food in, [63].
  • potato, [28], [29], [161].
  • porous, [38].
  • relation of to water, [39], [46].
  • relation of to plants, [23].
  • retentive, [38].
  • rhubarb, [28].
  • sandy, [27].
  • small fruit, [28], [29].
  • soft, [38].
  • sorghum, [162].
  • stiff, [38].
  • stony, [29].
  • strawberry, [28].
  • swamp, [30].
  • testing, [162], [215].
  • tobacco, [27].
  • tomato, [28], [161].
  • truck, [27], [28], [29], [161].
  • vegetable, [28].
  • water-absorbing power of, [40], [43], [46], [142].
  • water-holding power of, [44], [142].
  • watermelon, [28], [161].
  • wheat, [29], [30].
• Soil water, [150], [151].
  • amount of used by plants, [40].
  • and farm operations, [156].
  • control of, [53].
  • form of, [48], [153].
  • greatest factor in growth of crop, [46].
  • importance of, [39], [151].
  • loss of, [53], [155], [157], [164].
  • loss of by evaporation, [54].
  • loss of by weeds, [54], [165].
  • loss of by surface wash, [53].
  • necessity for, [151].
  • not enough, [154].
  • saving, [165].
  • sources of, [40], [153].
  • too much, [154].
• Soil water influenced,
  • by cropping, [159].
  • by harrowing, [101], [103], [158].
  • by humus, [42], [43], [44], [45], [220].
  • by plowing, [91], [156].
  • by ridging, [98], [158].
  • by rolling, [106], [158].
• Sorghum soils, [162].
• Soy-bean, as a green manure crop, [189].
  • growth of roots, [12].
• Spade, [90].
• Spading, [90].
• Spading-fork, [90].
• Spike-toothed harrows, [102], [104].
• Spraying, [118].
• Spring plowing, [98].
• Spring-toothed harrows, [102], [103].
• Squash flowers, [133].
• Stable manure, [171], [173].
• Stamen, [129].
  • function of, [131].
• Staminate flowers, [133].
• Starch in plants, [64], [66].
  • iodine test for, [64].
• Stems, [8], [120].
  • distinguished from roots, [120].
  • habit of growth of, [121].
  • structure of, [125].
  • underground, [121].
  • uses of, [120].
  • work of checked, [126].
• Stigma, [130].
• Stomata, [110].
• Stones, [26], [31].
• Stony loam, [29].
• Strawberry flowers, [134].
  • perfect, [135].
  • pistillate, [135].
• Study of plants begun, [6].
• Style, [130].
• Sugar cane, [5].
  • soil, [162].
• Sugar in plants, [64], [66].
• Sulphate of ammonia, [194].
• Sulphate of potash, [199].
• Sulphur in plants, [66].
• Sun, work of in making soils, [32], [34].
• Sunlight, and the farmer, [5].
  • necessary for leaf work, [110], [111], [112].
• Superphosphates, [198].
• Swamp muck, [30].
• Sweet clover, [190].
• Sweet potato roots, [13].
  • soils, [28], [160].
• Sweet potatoes, [5].
• Sylvinite, [199].
• Systems of cropping, [119].
• Tankage, [194].
  • as fertilizer, [194].
  • nitrogen in, [194].
  • phosphoric acid in, [194].
• Temperature of soil, [57].
• Tendrils, plants climb by, [122].
• Testing seeds, [75].
• Testing soils for water, [162].
  • for plant food, [215].
• Texture of soils, [37], [143], [150].
• Thinning fruit, [137].
• Thistle, [6].
• Thistle family, [86].
• Thomas slag, [198].
  • as fertilizer, [198].
  • phosphoric acid in, [198].
• Tillage and plant food, [67].
  • and fertility, [150].
• Time to begin this study, [3].
• Time to plow, [98].
• Tobacco soils, [27].
• Tomato soils, [161].
• Tools, [5].
  • and the farmer, [5].
• Transpiration, the fact, [110].
  • amount of, [111].
• Transplanting, [87].
  • machines, [89].
• Truck of plow, [95].
• Truck soils, [27], [28], [29], [161].
• Tubercles on roots of legumes, [68], [144].
• Turnip, [6].
• Type soils, [26].
• Under drains, [237].
  • advantage of, [237].
• Underground stems, [121].
• Value of knowledge of flowers, [134].
• Vegetables,
  • roots, [13], [14], [15].
  • soil for, [28].
• Ventilation of soils, [68], [142].
  • necessary for germination, [73].
  • necessary for root growth, [21], [22], [23].
  • necessary for fixation of nitrogen, [144].
• Water, absorption of by soil, [40], [43], [46], [142].
  • amount used by plants, [40].
  • capillary, [49], [153].
  • evaporation of, [54], [155].
  • free, [48], [153].
  • film, [50].
  • ground, [48].
  • importance of to plants, [39].
  • percolation of, [41].
  • relation of soils to, [39].
  • standing, [48].
  • work of in making soils, [33], [35].
• Water and the farmer, [5].
• Water in plants, [65].
• Watering house plants, [51].
• Watermelon soils, [28], [161].
• Weeders, [167].
• Weeds, [54].
  • how they injure crops, [54], [92].
  • how to kill, [119].
  • waste soil water, [54].
• Wheat soils, [29], [30].
  • water used by, [40].
• Wheel hoes, [168].
• White hellebore, [117].
• Wind pollination, [132].
• Work of roots, [9], [10], [15].
• Work of sun in making soils, [32], [34].
  • air in making soils, [36].
  • animals in making soils, [37].
  • moving ice in making soils, [35].
  • moving water in making soils, [33], [35].
  • plants in making soils, [36].
  • rain in making soils, [33].
• Wood ashes, [199].
• Wool waste as fertilizer, [195].

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