9. From him it was taken by Don Juan de Guzman, Duke of Medina Sidonia, 1468.
It remained in the possession of the House of Guzman, until the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, who claimed it for the crown, but, on their demise, Don Juan de Guzman attempted again to
10. make himself master of it, 1516.
11. The town was sacked by a Turkish squadron, 1540;
12. and bombarded by the French, when affording shelter to an English fleet, 1693.
13. The fortress was captured by Sir George Rooke, 1704;
14. and besieged the same year, by a combined French and Spanish force, under the Conde de Villadarias and Monsieur de Tessé. By the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), it was ceded to England, but, immediately on the renewal of the war, was
15. besieged by the Spaniards, under the Conde de las Torres, when the lines across the isthmus were constructed, 1727.
16. The last and most celebrated siege was undertaken by the Spaniards and French in 1779, and lasted until 1783.