A good shall not be considered to be an originating good by virtue of having undergone production that satisfies the requirements of Article 401 if, subsequent to that production, the good undergoes further production, or any other operation, outside the territories of the Parties, other than unloading, reloading, or any other operation necessary to preserve it in good condition or to transport the good to the territory of a Party.
Article 412: Non-Qualifying Operations
A good shall not be considered to be an originating good merely by virtue of having undergone:
(a) mere dilution with water or another substance that does not materially alter the characteristics of the good; or
(b) any process, work or pricing practice, or any combination thereof, in respect of which it is demonstrated, on the basis of a preponderance of evidence, that the object was to circumvent the provisions of this Chapter.
Article 413: Interpretation
For purposes of this Chapter, the following rules of
interpretation shall apply:
(a) the basis for tariff classification in Article 401 is the Harmonized System;
(b) a more specific rule in Annex 401.1 shall take precedence over a general requirement under Article 401;
(c) for purposes of applying Article 401(d), when determining whether a tariff heading or subheading provides for both a good and its parts, reference shall be made both to the nomenclature of the heading or subheading and to any legal note provided in the Harmonized System;