(2). A Marline-Spike Hitch is used for getting a purchase with a marline-spike, capstan bar, etc., when putting on a seizing or lashing. By Fig. 41 it will be seen to consist of the standing part picked through a loop laid over it, so that the spike lies under the standing part and over the sides of the loop.
(3). A Sheep Shank is used for shortening a rope. Gather up the amount desired in the form of Fig. 42.
Then with parts a and b form a half hitch round the two parts of the bight as in Fig. 43.