. A minor triad consists of the fundamental, the minor third, and the perfect fifth. Example:—
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If the fifth of a triad is augmented or diminished, the triad is a dependent. Dependent triads are found constructed on the subtonic of major keys; on the subtonic, supertonic, and mediant of the minor keys. The triad on the mediant of the minor key is an augmented triad and the first three mentioned triads are diminished.
Music written for four voices necessitates the doubling of one of the factors of the triad. Any factor of the triad may be doubled. The factor most frequently doubled is the fundamental in the octave, double octave, or unison. The four voices are soprano (high female voice), alto (low female voice), tenor (high male voice), and bass (low male voice). Chords are figured under the bass by Roman numerals. Large numerals designate major triads; small numerals designate minor triads; large numerals with the mark (´) affixed designate augmented triads; small numerals with a cipher affixed designate diminished triads. The notation of the triads on each degree of the major and minor scales follows:—
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