VIII—BOLIVIA
Bolivia is a place of great possibilities; its mineral wealth, its commerce, its forests, all mean that sooner or later it will be developed. To-day it is much like its neighbor, Ecuador. One of its chief interests lies in its history. Read of Simon Bolivar and what he did for his country; he is often called the Washington of South America.
IX—CHILI
Chili is the most progressive of the mountain republics; the people call themselves the "British," or the "Americans" of their continent. It is the most united of the South American republics, with a strong patriotic feeling. The education, the customs, even the navy, are all on European lines. Unfortunately, it is held back in every way by an enormous illiterate and very poor class, the bulk of the population. Describe Valparaiso. Read of its early history, and of Drake and Hawkins. Speak briefly also of the suburb which has gardens, casinos, concert halls and all the effect of European life, and the sea-side resort near it, Vina del Mar.
X—COLOMBIA AND VENEZUELA
Colombia and Venezuela are of great importance, far more so commercially than the republics of the Andes. Notice their commanding position, and describe Bogota, with its university, its mint, library, and botanical gardens, and Caracas in Venezuela, even more modern in every way, and more beautifully situated. The story of Bolivar is closely connected with Caracas. The wealth of both these northern states, however, lies largely in pastoral industries and the great river which waters the country will mean much when its powers are developed. But economically and in point of education, neither yet are what one would expect from their situation and opportunities.
XI—BRAZIL
Brazil is a land associated with romance; one of great rivers and mighty forests, of wealth, of slavery, of misery and of progress. It is larger than the United States (not including Alaska), and its future must be of immense importance. Its history includes that of its empire, which should make the topic of one meeting, for it is of great interest. The early struggles of the republic, the abolishment of slavery, and the establishment of a government founded on our own, may all be studied.
The influence of the Portuguese in Brazil has been marked, especially in its literature, music and art. Notice how beautiful the situation is of the city of Rio Janeiro, and show pictures of its streets and great buildings, with their over-ornamentation.
Study the River Amazon in one meeting; the coffee plantations, and the cotton and rubber industries in another.