In both these cases, Wealth, though undistributed in the convertend, is distributed in the converse.
(3) To attempt to syllogise with two premises containing four terms, as
The Papuans are savages;
The Javanese are neighbours of the Papuans:
∴ The Javanese are savages.
Such an argument is excluded by the definition of a Syllogism, and presents no formal evidence whatever. We should naturally assume that any man who advanced it merely meant to raise some probability that 'neighbourhood is a sign of community of ideas and customs.' But, if so, he should have been more explicit. There would, of course, be the same failure of connection, if a fourth term were introduced into the conclusion, instead of into the premises.
(4) To distribute in the conclusion a term that was undistributed in the premises (an error essentially the same as (2) above), i.e., Illicit process of the major or minor term, as—
Every rational agent is accountable;
Brutes are not rational agents:
∴ Brutes are not accountable.
In this example (from Whately), an illegitimate mood of Fig. I., the major term, 'accountable,' has suffered the illicit process; since, in the premise, it is predicate of an affirmative proposition and, therefore, undistributed; but, in the conclusion, it is predicate of a negative proposition and, therefore, distributed. The fact that nearly everybody would accept the conclusion as true, might lead one to overlook the formal inconclusiveness of the proof.
Again,
All men are two-handed;
All two-handed animals are cooking animals:
∴ All cooking animals are men.