Vespasian is made Emperor: is also designated as such by portents (chapter [1] ).
The arrogance of Mucianus and Domitian (chapter [2] ).
Revolt of the Germans (chapter [3] ).
About the taking of Jerusalem by Titus (chapters [4], [5], [6], [7] ).
Vespasian levies money in Egypt (chapter [8] ).
He treats the Romans considerately: drives philosophers from the capital (chapters [9], [10], [11], [12], [13] ).
He gathers money by the efforts of his concubine Caenis, as well as by his own (chapter [14] ).
The Temple of Peace and the Colossus are erected: Berenice is dismissed: the Cynics are punished (chapter [15] ).
The punishment of Julius Sabinus: likewise of the conspirators, Alienus and Marcellus (chapter [16] ).
How Vespasian met his death (chapter [17] ).
The mildness of character of Titus Caesar Augustus (chapters [18], [19] ).
War in Britain, which is ascertained to be an island (chapter [20] ).
How Mount Vesuvius flamed forth: conflagration at Rome (chapters [21], [22], [23], [24] ).
Spectacles: death of Titus (chapters [25], [26] ).
DURATION OF TIME
Fl. Vespasianus Aug. (II), Titus Caesar.
(A.D. 70 = a.u. 823 = Second of Vespasian, from July 1st).
Fl. Vespasianus Aug. (III), M. Cocceius Nerva.
(A.D. 71 = a.u. 824 = Second of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus Aug. (IV), Titus Caesar (II).
(A.D. 72 = a.u. 825 = Third of Vespasian).
Domitianus Caesar (II), M. Valerius Messalinus.
(A.D. 73 = a.u. 826 = Fourth of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus Aug. (V), Titus Caesar (III).
(A.D. 74 = a.u. 827 = Fifth of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus Aug. (VI), Titus Caesar (IV).
(A.D. 75 = a.u. 828 = Sixth of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus (VII), Titus Caesar (V).
(A.D. 76 = a.u. 829 = Seventh of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus (VIII), Titus Caesar (VI).
(A.D. 77 = a.u. 830 = Eighth of Vespasian).
L. Ceionius Commodus, D. Novius Priscus.
(A.D. 78 = a.u. 831 = Ninth of Vespasian).
Fl. Vespasianus (IX), Titus Caesar (VII).
(A.D. 79 = a.u. 832 = First of Titus, from June 23rd).
T. Vespasianus (VIII), Domitianus (VII).
(A.D. 80 = a.u. 833 = Second of Titus).
L. Fl. Silva Nonius Bassus, Asinius Pollio Verrucosus.
(A.D. 81 = a.u. 834 = Third of Titus, to September 13th).
A.D. 70 (a.u. 823)
1
Such was the course of events on the heels of which Vespasian was declared emperor by the senate and Titus and Domitian were given the title of Caesars. The consular office was assumed by Vespasian and Titus while the former was in Egypt and the latter in Palestine. Vespasian had seen portents and dreams that long beforehand indicated that he was destined to rule. As he was eating dinner in the country, where most of his time was spent, a cow approached him, knelt down, and put her head beneath his feet. Another time, when he was taking food, a dog threw a human hand under the table. And a conspicuous cypress tree, which had been uprooted and overthrown by a violent wind, on the next day stood upright again by its own power and continued to flourish. From a dream he learned that when Nero Caesar should lose a tooth, he should be emperor: and this matter of the tooth became a reality on the following day. Nero himself in his slumbers thought he was bringing the chariot of Jupiter to Vespasian's house. These occurrences, of course, needed interpretation. But in addition a Jew named Josephus, who had previously been disliked by him and imprisoned, gave a laugh and said: "You may imprison me now, but a year later when you become emperor you will release me."
2
Thus had Vespasian, like some others, been born for the position. While he was as yet absent in Egypt Mucianus administered all the details of government with the help of Domitian. Mucianus feeling that he had himself given the sovereignty to Vespasian exulted greatly at these facts above all,--that he was called "brother" by him, and that he had authority to decide every question that he liked without the emperor's express approval and could issue written orders by merely adding his superior's name. For this purpose, too, he wore a finger ring that had been sent him, which was intended to impress the imperial seal upon documents requiring authorization. [Indeed, Domitian himself gave offices and procuratorships to many persons, appointing prefect after prefect and even consuls.] In fine, they behaved in every way so much like absolute rulers that Vespasian once sent the following message to Domitian: "I thank you, my child, for letting me hold office and that you have not yet dethroned me."