When dominion is called a sceptre; the office of a bishop, the lawn; the profession of Christianity, the cross; a dwelling is called a roof; and various expressions of this kind, one thing is called by the name of another of which it is a part, or with which it has been connected as a circumstance, cause, or effect.
Not only do objects which have been united in our perceptions receive each other's names, but the qualities of one are often ascribed to the other. The following are examples in which the qualities of the cause are ascribed to the effect, and the qualities of the effect are ascribed to the cause:
"An impious mortal gave a daring wound."
Here the quality of the cause is ascribed to the effect.
"The merry pipe is heard."
Here the quality of the effect is ascribed to the cause. The following is an example where the quality of one thing is ascribed to another connected with it by time:
"Now musing midnight hallows all the scene."
The following is an example of the quality of one thing ascribed to another, connected with it by place:
"when sapless age