[39] See his work, La Fin du Monde, wherein the various ways by which our world may come to an end are dealt with at length, and in a profoundly interesting manner.
INDEX
Achromatic telescope, [115], [116]
Adams, [24], [236], [243]
Aerial telescopes, [110], [111]
Agathocles, Eclipse of, [85]
Agrippa, Camillus, [44]
Ahaz, dial of, [85]
Air, [166]
Airy, Sir G.B., [92]
Al gûl, [307]
Al Sufi, [284], [290], [296], [315]
Alcor, [294]
Alcyone, [284]
Aldebaran, [103], [288], [290], [297]
Algol, [307], [309–310], [312], [323], [347]
Alpha, Centauri, [52–53], [280], [298–299], [304], [320]
Alpha Crucis, [298]
Alps, Lunar, [200]
Altair, [295]
Altitude of objects in sky, [196]
Aluminium, [145]
Amos viii. 9, [85]
Anderson, T.D., [311–312]
Andromeda (constellation), [279], [314];
Great Nebula in, [314], [316]
Andromedid meteors, [272]
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, [87–88]
Anighito meteorite, [277]
Annular eclipse, [65–68], [80], [92], [99]
Annular Nebula in Lyra, [315–316]
Annulus, [68]
Ansæ, [242–243]
Anticipation in discovery, [236–237]
Apennines, Lunar, [200]
Aphelion, [274]
Apparent enlargement of celestial objects, [192–196]
Apparent size of celestial objects deceptive, [196], [294]
Apparent sizes of sun and moon, variations in, [67], [80], [178]
Aquila (constellation), [295]
Arabian astronomers, [107], [307]
Arago, [92], [257]
Arc, degrees minutes and seconds of, [60]
Arcturus, [280], [282], [290], [295]
Argelander, [290]
Argo (constellation), [298]
Aristarchus of Samos, [171]
Aristarchus (lunar crater), [205]
Aristophanes, [101]
Aristotle, [161], [173], [185]
Arrhenius [222], [253–254]
Assyrian tablet, [84]
Asteroidal zone, analogy of, to Saturn's rings, [238]
Asteroids (or minor planets), [30–31], [225–228], [336];
discovery of the, [23], [244];
Wolf's method of discovering, [226–227]
Astrology, [56]
Astronomical Essays, [63], [337]
Astronomical Society, Royal, [144]
Astronomy, Manual of, [166]
Atlantic Ocean, parallelism of opposite shores, [340–341]
Atlas, the Titan, [18]
Atmosphere, absorption by earth's, [129–130];
ascertainment of, by spectroscope, [124–125], [212];
height of earth's, [167], [267];
of asteroids, [226];
of earth, [129], [130], [166–169], [218], [222], [267], [346];
of Mars, [156], [212], [216];
of Mercury, [156];
of moon, [70–71], [156], [201–203];
of Jupiter, [231];
of planets, [125];
of Saturn's rings, [239]
"Atmosphere" of the stars, [331]
Atmospheric layer and "glass-house" compared, [167], [203]
August Meteors (Perseids), [270]
Auriga (constellation), [294–296], [306], [311];
New Star in, [311]
Aurigæ, β (Beta), [294], [297], [304]
Aurora Borealis, [141], [143], [259]
Australia, suggested origin of, [340]
Axis, [29–30];
of earth, [163], [180];
small movement of earth's, [180–181]
Babylonian tablet, [84]
Babylonian idea of the moon, [185]
Bacon, Roger, [108]
Bacubirito meteorite, [277]
Bagdad, [107]
Baily, Francis, [92]
"Baily's Beads," [69], [70], [91–92], [154]
Bailly (lunar crater), [199]
Ball, Sir Robert, [271]
Barnard, E.E., [31], [224], [232–234], [237], [258]
"Bay of Rainbows," [197]
Bayer's classification of stars, [289], [291–292]
Bayeux Tapestry, [263]
Bear, Great (constellation). [See Ursa Major];
Little, [see Ursa Minor]
Beehive (Præsepe), [307]
Beer, [206]
Belopolsky, [304]
"Belt" of Orion, [297]
Belt theory of Milky Way, [321]
Belts of Jupiter, [230]
Bergstrand, [314]
Berlin star chart, [244]
Bessel, [173], [280], [305]
Beta (β) Lyræ, [307]
Beta (β) Persei. [See Algol]
Betelgeux, [297]
Bible, eclipses in, [85]
Biela's Comet, [256–257], [272–273], [345]
Bielids, [270], [272–273]
Billion, [51–52]
Binary stars, spectroscopic, [301–306], [309];
visual, [300], [303–306]
"Black Drop," [152–154]
"Black Hour," [89]
"Black Saturday," [89]
Blood, moon in eclipse like, [102]
Blue (rays of light), [121], [130]
Bode's Law, [22–23], [244–245]
Bolometer, [127]
Bond, G.P., [236], [257]
Bonpland, [270]
Boötes (constellation), [295], [314]
Bradley, [111]
Brahe, Tycho, [290], [311]
Brédikhine's theory of comets' tails, [253–254], [256]
Bright eclipses of moon, [65], [102]
British Association for the Advancement of Science, [318]
British Astronomical Association, Journal of, [194]
British Museum, [84]
Bull (constellation). [See Taurus];
"Eye" of the, [297];
"Head" of the, [297]
Burgos, [98]
Busch, [93]
Cæsar, Julius, [85], [110], [180], [259], [262], [291], [293]
Calcium, [138], [145]
Callisto, [233–234]
Cambridge, [24], [91], [119], [243]
Campbell, [305]
Canali, [214]
"Canals" of Mars, [214–222], [224–225]
Cancer (constellation), [307]
Canes Venatici (constellation), [306], [314]
Canis Major (constellation), [289], [296–297];
Minor, [296–297]
Canopus, [285], [298–299], [320]
Capella, [280], [282], [290], [294], [297], [303], [313]
Carbon, [145]
Carbon dioxide. [See Carbonic acid gas]
Carbonic acid gas, [166], [213], [221–222]
Carnegie Institution, Solar Observatory of, [118]
Cassegrainian telescope, [114], [118]
Cassini, J.D., [236], [240]
"Cassini's Division" in Saturn's ring, [236], [238]
Cassiopeia (constellation), [279], [294], [311], [314]
Cassiopeiæ, η (Eta), [303]
Cassiopeia's Chair, [294]
Cassius, Dion, [86]
Castor, [282], [297], [304]
Catalogues of stars, [106], [290–291], [311]
Centaur. [See Centaurus]
Centaurus (constellation), [298], [306]
Centre of gravity, [42], [283–284], [324]
Ceres, diameter of, [30], [225]
Ceti, Omicron (or Mira), [307–308]
Cetus, or the Whale (constellation), [307]
Chaldean astronomers, [74], [76]
Challis, [243–244]
Chamberlin, [337]
"Chambers of the South," [299]
Chandler, [308]
Charles V., [261]
"Charles' Wain," [291]
Chemical rays, [127]
Chinese and eclipses, [83]
Chloride of sodium, [122]
Chlorine, [122], [145]
Christ, Birth of, [102]
Christian Era, first recorded solar eclipse in, [85]
Chromatic aberration, [110]
Chromosphere, [71–72], [93–94], [130–132], [138–139]
Circle, [171–173]
Clark, Alvan, & Sons, [117–118], [303]
Claudius, Emperor, [86]
Clavius (lunar crater), [199]
Clerk Maxwell, [237]
"Clouds" (of Aristophanes), [101]
Clustering power, [325]
Clusters of stars, [300], [306], [314], [328]
Coal Sacks. [See Holes in Milky Way]
Cœlostat, [119]
Coggia's Comet, [254]
Colour, production of, in telescopes, [109–111], [115], [121]
Collision of comet with earth, [345–346];
of dark star with sun, [346–348];
of stars, [285], [312]
Columbus, [103]
Coma Berenices (constellation), [307], [316]
Comet, first discovery of by photography, [258];
first orbit calculated, [255];
first photograph of, [257–258];
furthest distance seen, [258];
passage of among satellites of Jupiter, [250];
passage of earth and moon through tail of, [257], [346]
Comet of 1000 A.D., [262];
1066, [262–264];
1680, [255], [265];
1811, [254–255];
1861, [254], [257], [346];
1881, [257–258];
1882, [251], [258], [291];
1889, [258];
1907, [258]
Comets, [27–28], [58], [Chaps. XIX.] and [XX.], [345–346];
ancient view of, [259–261];
captured, [251–253];
Chinese records of, [83–84];
composition of, [252];
contrasted with planets, [247];
families of, [251–252], [256];
meteor swarms and, [274];
revealed by solar eclipses, [95–96];
tails of, [141], [182], [248], [252–254]
Common, telescopes of Dr. A.A., [118]
Conjunction, [209]
Constellations, [105], [278–279], [285], [289]
Contraction theory of sun's heat, [128–129], [335]
Cook, Captain, [154]
Cooke, [118]
Copernican system, [20], [107], [149], [170–173], [279], [280]
Copernicus, [20], [108], [149], [158], [170–172], [236]
Copernicus (lunar crater), [200], [204]
Copper, [145]
Corder, H., [144]
Corona, [70–72], [90], [92–97], [132], [140–141], [270];
earliest drawing of, [91];
earliest employment of term, [90];
earliest mention of, [86];
earliest photograph of, [93];
illumination given by, [71];
possible change in shape of during eclipse, [96–98];
structure of, [142–143];
variations in shape of, [141]
Corona Borealis (constellation), [295]
Coronal matter, [142];
streamers, [95–96], [141–143]
Coronium, [133], [142], [317]
Cotes, [91]
Coudé, equatorial, [119]
Cowell, P.H., [255], [264]
Crabtree, [152]
Crape ring of Saturn, [236–237]
Craterlets on Mars, [220]
Craters (ring-mountains) on moon, [197–205], [214], [340];
suggested origin of, [203–204], [214]
Crawford, Earl of, [94]
Crecy, supposed eclipse at battle of, [88–89]
Crescent moon, [183], [185]
Crommelin, A.C.D., [255], [264]
Crossley Reflector, [118], [315–316]
Crown glass, [115]
Crucifixion, darkness of, [86]
Crucis, α (Alpha), [298]
Crux, or "Southern Cross" (constellation), [298–299], [323]
Cycle, sunspot, [136–137], [141], [143–144]
Cygni, [61], [173], [280]
Cygnus, or the Swan (constellation), [295], [325]
Daniel's Comet of 1897, [258]
Danzig, [111]
Dark Ages, [102], [107], [260]
Dark eclipses of moon, [65], [102–103]
Dark matter in space, [323]
Dark meteors, [275–276]
Dark stars, [309–310], [312], [323], [346–347]
"Darkness behind the stars," [325]
Darwin, Sir G.H., [339]
Davis, [94]
Dawes, [236]
Dearborn Observatory, [303]
Death from fright at eclipse, [73]
Debonnaire, Louis le, [88],
[261]
Deimos, [223]
Deity, symbol of the, [87]
"Demon star." [See Algol]
Denebola, [296]
Denning, W.F., [269]
Densities of sun and planets, [39]
Density, [38]
Deslandres, [140]
Diameters of sun and planets, [31]
Disappearance of moon in lunar eclipse, [65], [102–103]
Disc, [60]
"Disc" theory. [See "Grindstone" theory]
Discoveries, independent, [236]
Discovery, anticipation in, [236–237];
indirect methods of, [120]
"Dipper," the, [291];
the "Little," [294]
Distance of a celestial body, how ascertained, [56–58];
of sun from earth, how determined, [151], [211]
Distances of planets from sun, [47]
Distances of sun and moon, relative, [68]
Dog, the Greater. [See Canis Major];
the Lesser, [see Canis Minor]
"Dog Star," [289], [297]
Dollond, John, [115–116]
Donati's Comet, [254], [257]
Doppler's method, [125], [136], [282], [301–302]
Dorpat, [117]
Double canals of Mars, [214–215], [218–220]
Double planet, earth and moon a, [189]
Double stars, [300]
Douglass, [233]
"Dreams, Lake of," [197]
Dumb-bell Nebula, [316]
Earth, [20], [22], [31], [39], [48], [64], [Chap. XV.], [267];
cooling of, [343];
diameter of, [31];
interior of, [166];
mean distance of from sun, [47];
rigidity of, [181];
rotation of, [30], [33], [161–165], [170];
shape of, [165];
"tail" to, [182]
"Earthlight," or "Earthshine," [186]
Earth's axis, Precessional movement of, [175–177], [295], [298–299]
Earth's shadow, circular shape of, [64], [160]
Eclipse, [61]
Eclipse knowledge, delay of, [74]
Eclipse party, work of, [73]
Eclipse of sun, advance of shadow in total, [69];
animal and plant life during, [71];
earliest record of total, [84];
description of total, [69–73];
duration of total, [69], [72];
importance of total, [68]
Eclipses, ascertainment of dates of past, [74];
experience a necessity in solar, [73–74];
of moon, [63–65], [Chap. IX.], [203];
photography in, [93];
prediction of future, [74];
recurrence of, [74–80]
Eclipses of sun, [25], [65–74], [Chap. VIII.], [201–202], [234];
1612 A.D., [90];
1715, [88], [91];
1724, [88], [91];
1836, [92];
1842, [92–93];
1851, [81], [93];
1868, [93];
1870, [94];
1871, [94];
1878, [95];
1882, [95];
1883, [95–96];
1893, [95–96];
1896, [96], [99];
1898, [96], [98];
1900, [97];
1905, [75–76], [80–81], [97–98];
1907, [98];
1908, [98];
1914, [99];
1927, [92], [99–100]
Eclipses, Past and Future, [340]
Egenitis, [272]
Electric furnace, [128]
Electric light, spectrum of, [122]
Elements composing sun, [144–145]
Ellipses, [32], [66], [172–173], [177–178]
Elliptic orbit, [66], [177]
Ellipticity, [32]
Elongation, Eastern, [147], [149];
Western, [147], [149]
Encke's Comet, [253], [256]
"End of the World," [342]
England, solar eclipses visible in, [87–88], [91–92]
Epsilon, (ε) Lyræ, [302]
Equator, [48]
Equatorial telescope, [226]
Equinoxes. [See Precession of]
Eros, [210–211], [223], [226–227];
discovery of, [24], [210], [227];
importance of, [211];
orbit of, [32], [37], [210], [336]
Eruptive prominences, [139]
Esclistre, [89]
Ether, [322–323], [331–332]
Europa, [233], [235]
Evans, J.E., [219]
Evening star, [149–150], [241]
Everest, Mount, [200]
Evershed, [182]
Eye-piece, [110]
Fabricius, [307]
Faculæ, [136], [143]
Fauth, [205]
Faye, [335]
Fin du Monde, [346]
First quarter, [183]
"Fixed stars," [280]
Flagstaff, [215–216], [220]
Flammarion, Camille, [346]
Flamsteed, [90]
"Flash spectrum," [137]
"Flat," [112]
Flint glass, [115]
Focus, [66], [177]
"Forty-foot Telescope," [115]
Foster, [102]
Fraunhofer, [117]
French Academy of Sciences, [115]
Froissart, [89]
"Full moon" of Laplace, [190]
Galaxy. [See Milky Way.]
Galilean telescope, [109]
Galileo, [55], [109], [172], [197], [206], [232–235], [242]
Galle, [24], [211], [244]
Ganymede, [233–234]
Gas light, spectrum of, [122]
Gegenschein, [181–182]
"Gem" of meteor ring, [271]
Gemini, or the Twins (constellation), [22], [296–297]
Geminorum, ζ (Zeta), [304]
Geometrical groupings of stars, [292]
"Giant" planet, [230], [238–239]
Gibbous, [183], [185]
Gill, Sir David, [211], [258], [291], [317–318]
Gold, [145]
Goodricke, [307]
Gore, J.E., [63], [285], [303], [307–308], [310], [323–324], [331], [337], [347]
Granulated structure of photosphere, [134]
Gravitation (or gravity), [39], [41–45], [128], [306]
Greek ideas, [18], [158], [161–162], [171], [186], [197]
Green (rays of light), [121]
Greenwich Observatory, [143–144], [232], [255], [303]
Gregorian telescope, [113–114]
Grimaldi (lunar crater), [199]
"Grindstone" theory, [319–322]
"Groombridge, 1830," [281–282], [326], [330]
Groups of stars, [306–307]
Grubb, Sir Howard, [118]
Gulliver's Travels, [224]
Hale, G.E., [119], [140]
Half moon, [183], [185]
Hall, Asaph, [223]
Hall, Chester Moor, [115]
Halley, Edmund, [91], [255], [264–265], [306]
Halley's Comet, [255], [264–265]
Haraden Hill, [91]
Harvard, [118], [302]
Harvest moon, [190–192]
Hawaii, [221]
Heat rays, [127]
Heidelberg, [226], [232]
Height of lunar mountains, how determined, [201]
Height of objects in sky, estimation of, [196]
Helium, [138], [145], [182]
Helmholtz, [128], [335]
Hercules (constellation), [295]
Herod the Great, [101–102]
Herodotus, [84]
Herschel, A.S., [269]
Herschel, Sir John, [92], [322]
Herschel, Sir William, [22], [36], [114–115], [204], [213], [235], [283], [292], [308],
[319–320], [326–328]
Herschelian telescope, [114], [119]
Hesper, [109]
Hesperus, [150]
Hevelius, [111]
Hezekiah, [85]
Hi, [83]
Hindoos, [18]
Hipparchus, [106], [177], [290], [311]
Ho, [83]
Holes in Milky Way, [321–323]
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, [213]
Homer, [223]
Horace, Odes of, [106]
Horizon, [159]
Horizontal eclipse, [169]
Horrox, [44], [151–152]
Hour Glass Sea, [212]
Huggins, Sir William, [94], [125], [317]
Humboldt, [270]
"Hunter's moon," [192]
Huyghens, [111–112], [240], [242v243]
Hyades, [296–297], [307]
Hydrocarbon gas, [254]
Hydrogen, [94], [131], [138], [140], [144], [156], [182], [254]
Ibrahim ben Ahmed, [270]
Ice-layer theory:
Mars, [219];
moon, [205], [219]
Illusion theory of Martian canals, [219]
Imbrium, Mare, [197]
Inclination of orbits, [36–37]
Indigo (rays of light), [121]
Inferior conjunction, [147], [149]
Inferior planets, [20], [22], [Chap. XIV.], [229]
Instruments, pre-telescopic, [106–107], [172]
International photographic survey of sky, [290–291]
Intra-Mercurial planet, [25–26]
Introduction to Astronomy, [31]
Inverted view in astronomical telescope, [116–117]
Io, [233–234]
Iridum, Sinus, [197]
Iron, [145], [254]
Is Mars Habitable? [221]
Jansen, [108]
Janssen, [94], [236], [258]
Japetus, [240]
Jessenius, [89]
Job, Book of, [299]
Johnson, S.J., [103], [340]
Josephus, [101], [262]
Juno, [225]
Jupiter, [20], [22–23], [31], [34], [37], [42], [227–228], [230–236], [241], [272], [311];
comet family of, [251–253], [256];
discovery of eighth satellite, [26], [232];
eclipse of, by satellite, [234];
without satellites, [234–235]
Jupiter, satellites of, [26], [62], [108], [189], [232–235];
their eclipses, [234–235];
their occultations, [62], [234];
their transits, [62], [234]
Kant, [334]
Kapteyn, [284], [313]
Keeler, [315], [337]
Kelvin, Lord, [129]
Kepler, [44], [152], [172], [237], [242], [245], [253], [311]
Kinetic theory, [156], [202], [212], [226], [231], [239], [336]
King, L.W., [84]
Knowledge, [87]
Labrador, [97]
Lacus Somniorum, [197]
"Lake of Dreams," [197]
Lalande, [244], [283]
Lampland, [215], [219]
Langley, [95], [127]
Laplace, [190], [333]
Laputa, [224]
Le Maire, [115]
Le Verrier, [24], [236], [243–244], [275]
Lead, [145]
Leibnitz Mountains (lunar), [200]
Leo (constellation), [270], [295–296]
Leonids, [270–272], [274–275]
Lescarbault, [25]
Lewis, T., [303]
Lexell's Comet, [250]
Lick Observatory, [31], [98], [117–118], [215], [232], [303], [305], [315];
Great Telescope of, [117], [215], [237]
"Life" of an eclipse of the moon, [80];
of the sun, [77–78]
Life on Mars, Lowell's views, [217–218];
Pickering's, [221];
Wallace's, [221–223]
Light, no extinction of, [322–324];
rays of, [127];
velocity of, [52], [235–236];
white, [121]
"Light year," [53],
[280]
Lindsay, Lord, [94]
Linné (lunar crater), [205]
Liouville, [190]
Lippershey, [108]
Liquid-filled lenses, [116]
Locksley Hall, [296];
Sixty Years After, [109]
Lockyer, Sir Norman, [73], [94], [236], [335]
Loewy, [119], [206]
London, eclipses visible at, [87–88], [91–92]
Longfellow, [88]
Lowell Observatory, [215], [219], [233–234]
Lowell, Percival, [155], [212–213], [215–221]
Lucifer, [150]
Lynn, W.T., [219], [263]
Lyra (constellation), [177], [283], [294–295], [307], [315], [347]
Mädler, [206], [284]
Magellanic Clouds, [317]
Magnetism, disturbances of terrestrial, [143], [283]
Magnitudes of stars, [287–289]
Major planets, [229–230]
"Man in the Moon," [197]
Manual of Astronomy, [166]
Maps of the moon, [206]
Mare Imbrium, [197]
Mare Serenitatis, [205]
Mars, [20], [22–23], [31–32], [34], [37], [109], [155], [210–225], [234];
compared with earth and moon, [221], [225];
polar caps of, [212–214], [216];
satellites of, [26], [223–224];
temperature of, [213], [216], [221–222]
Mass, [38];
of a star, how determined, [305]
Masses of celestial bodies, how ascertained, [42];
of earth and moon compared, [42];
of sun and planets compared, [39]
Maunder, E.W., [87], [143], [219]
Maunder, Mrs., E.W., [96], [144]
Maxwell, Clerk, [237]
Mayer, Tobias, [206], [283]
McClean, F.K., [98]
Mean distance, [46]
"Medicean Stars," [232]
Mediterranean, eclipse tracks across, [94], [97]
Melbourne telescope, [118]
Melotte, P., [232]
Mercator's Projection, [80–81]
Mercury (the metal), [145]
Mercury (the planet), [20], [22], [25–26], [31–32], [34], [37], [Chap. XIV.];
markings on, [156];
possible planets within orbit of, [25–26];
transit of, [62], [151], [154]
Metals in sun, [145]
Meteor swarms, [268–269], [271], [274–275]
Meteors, [28], [56], [167], [259], [Chap. XXI.]
Meteors beyond earth's atmosphere, [275–276]
Meteorites, [276–277]
Meteoritic Hypothesis, [335]
Metius, Jacob, [108]
Michell, [283], [305]
Middle Ages, [102], [260], [264]
Middleburgh, [108]
Milky Way (or Galaxy), [285], [299], [311], [317], [319–327];
penetration of, by photography, [325]
Million, [47], [51–52]
Minor planets. [See Asteroids.]
Mira Ceti, [307–308]
"Mirk Monday," [89]
Mirror (speculum), [111], [116]
Mizar, [294], [302]
Monck, W.H.S., [275]
Mongol Emperors of India, [107]
Moon, [26], [Chap. XVI.];
appearance of, in lunar eclipse, [65], [102–103];
diameter of, [189];
distance of, how ascertained, [58];
distance of, from earth, [48];
full, [63], [86], [149], [184], [189], [190], [206];
mass of, [200], [202];
mountains on, [197–205];
how their height is determined, [201];
movement of, [40–42];
new, [86], [149], [183], [185];
origin of, [339–341];
plane of orbit of, [63];
possible changes on, [204–205], [221];
"seas" of, [197], [206];
smallest detail visible on, [207];
volume of, [200]
Morning star, [149–150], [241]
Moulton, F.R., [31], [118], [128], [302], [335], [337]
Moye, [154]
Multiple stars, [300]
Musa-ben-Shakir, [44]
Mythology, [105]
Neap-tides, [179]
Nebulæ, [314–318], [328], [335], [345];
evolution of stars from, [317–318]
Nebular Hypothesis of Laplace, [333–338]
Nebular hypotheses, [Chap. XXVII.]
Nebulium, [317]
Neison, [206]
Neptune, [20], [25], [31], [34], [37], [243–246], [249], [252], [274], [304];
discovery of, [23–24], [94], [210], [236], [243–244];
Lalande and, [244];
possible planets beyond, [25], [252];
satellite of, [26], [245];
"year" in, [35–36]
"New" (or temporary), stars, [310–314]
Newcomb, Simon, [181], [267], [281], [324], [326–327], [329]
Newton, Sir Isaac, [40], [44], [91], [111–113], [115], [165], [172], [237], [255]
Newtonian telescope, [112], [114], [116], [119]
Nineveh Eclipse, [84–85]
Nitrogen, [145], [156], [166], [346]
Northern Crown, [295]
Nova Aurigæ, [311]
Nova Persei, [312–314]
Novæ. [See New (or temporary) stars]
Nubeculæ, [317]
"Oases" of Mars, [216], [220]
Object-glass, [109]
Oblate spheroid, [165]
Occultation, [61–62], [202], [296]
Olaf, Saga of King, [88]
Olbers, [227], [253], [256], [271]
"Old moon in new moon's arms," [185]
Olmsted, [271]
Omicron (or "Mira") Ceti, [307–308]
Opposition, [209]
"Optick tube," [108–109], [232]
Orange (rays of light), [121]
Orbit of moon, plane of, [63]
Orbits, [32], [36–37], [66], [150], [157]
Oriental astronomy, [107]
Orion (constellation), [195], [279], [296–297], [316];
Great Nebula in, [316], [328]
Oxford, [139]
Oxygen, [145], [156], [166], [346]
Pacific Ocean, origin of moon in, [339]
Palitzch, [255]
Pallas, [225], [227]
Parallax, [57], [173], [280], [305], [320], [326]
Paré, Ambrose, [264–265]
Peal, S.E., [205]
Peary, [277]
Pegasus (constellation), [306]
Penumbra of sunspot, [135]
Perennial full moon of Laplace, [190]
Pericles, [84]
Perrine, C.D., [232–233], [315]
Perseids, [270], [273–275]
Perseus (constellation), [273], [279], [307], [312]
Phases of an inferior planet, [149], [160];
of the moon, [149], [160], [183–185]
Phlegon, Eclipse of, [85–86]
Phobos, [223]
Phœbe, retrograde motion of, [240], [250], [336]
Phosphorescent glow in sky, [323]
Phosphorus (Venus), [150]
Photographic survey of sky, international, [290–291]
Photosphere, [130–131], [134]
Piazzi, [23]
Pickering, E.C., [302]
Pickering, W.H., [199], [205–206], [220–221], [240], [339–341]
Pictor, "runaway star" in constellation of, [281–282], [320], [330]
Plane of orbit, [36], [150]
Planetary nebulæ, [245], [315]
Planetary and Stellar Studies, [331]
Planetesimal hypothesis, [337–338]
Planetoids. [See Asteroids]
Planets, classification of, [229];
contrasted with comets, [247];
in Ptolemaic scheme, [171];
relative distances of, from sun, [31–32]
Plato (lunar crater), [198]
Pleiades, [284], [296–297], [307]
Pliny, [169], [260]
Plough, [284], [291–296], [302]
Plutarch, [86], [89], [169], [181]
"Pointers," [292]
Polaris. [See Pole Star]
Pole of earth, Precessional movement of, [176–177], [295], [298–299]
Pole Star, [33], [163], [177], [292–296], [300–301]
Poles, [30], [163–164];
of earth, speed of point at, [164]
Pollux, [282], [297]
Posidonius, [186]
Powell, Sir George Baden, [96]
Præsepe (the Beehive), [307]
Precession of the Equinoxes, [177], [295], [298–299]
Pre-telescopic notions, [55]
Primaries, [26]
Princess, The (Tennyson), [334]
Princeton Observatory, [258]
Prism, [121]
Prismatic colours, [111], [121]
Procyon, [284], [290], [297], [303]
Prominences, Solar, [72], [93], [131], [139–140], [143];
first observation of, with spectroscope, [94], [140], [236]
Proper motions of stars, [126], [281–285], [326], [329–330]
Ptolemæus (lunar crater), [198–199], [204]
Ptolemaic idea, [319];
system, [18], [19], [158], [171–172]
Ptolemy, [18], [101], [171], [290], [296]
Puiseux, P., [206]
Pulkowa telescope, [117]
Puppis, V., [310]
Quiescent prominences, [139]
Radcliffe Observer, [139]
"Radiant," or radiant point, [269]
Radiation from sun, [130], [134]
Radium, [129], [138]
Rainbow, [121]
"Rainbows, Bay of," [197]
Rambaut, A., [139]
Ramsay, Sir William, [138]
Rays (on moon), [204]
Recurrence of eclipses, [74–80]
Red (rays of light), [121], [125], [127], [130]
Red Spot, the Great, [230]
Reflecting telescope, [111–116];
future of, [119]
Reflector. [See Reflecting telescope]
Refracting and reflecting telescopes contrasted, [118]
Refracting telescope, [109–111], [115–117];
limits to size of, [119–120]
Refraction, [121], [168–169]
Refractor, [See Refracting telescope]
Regulus, [290], [296]
Retrograde motion of Phœbe, [240], [250], [336]
"Reversing Layer," [94], [130], [132], [137–138]
Revival of learning, [107]
Revolution, [30];
of earth around sun, [170–173];
periods of sun and planets, [35]
Riccioli, [198]
Rice-grain structure of photosphere, [134]
Rigel, [285], [297]
Rills (on moon), [204]
Ring-mountains of moon. [See Craters]
"Ring" nebulæ, [315], [337]
"Ring with wings," [87]
Rings of Saturn, [108], [236–239], [241–243], [334]
Ritchey, G.W., [118]
Roberts, A.W., [308], [310]
Roberts, Isaac, [325]
"Roche's limit," [238]
Roemer, [235]
Roman history, eclipses in, [85–86]
Romulus, [85]
Röntgen, [120]
Rosse, great telescope of Lord, [117], [314]
Rotation, [30];
of earth, [33], [161–165], [170];
of sun, [34], [125], [135–136], [231];
periods of sun and planets, [35]
Royal Society of London, [90–91], [111]
Rubicon, Passage of the, [85]
"Runaway" stars, [281], [326], [330]
Sagittarius (constellation), [316]
Salt, spectrum of table, [122]
Samarcand, [107]
"Saros," Chaldean, [76–78], [84]
Satellites, [26–27], [37]
Saturn, [20], [22], [34], [37], [108], [236–243], [258];
comet family of, [252];
a puzzle to the early telescope observers, [241–243];
retrograde motion of satellite Phœbe, [240], [250], [336];
ring system of, [241];
satellites of, [36], [239–240];
shadows of planet on rings and of rings on planet, [237]
Schaeberle, [95–96], [303], [316]
Schiaparelli, [155], [214], [223]
Schickhard (lunar crater), [199]
Schmidt, [206]
Schönfeld, [290]
Schuster, [95]
Schwabe, [136]
Scotland, solar eclipses visible in, [89–90], [92]
Sea of Serenity, [205]
"Sea of Showers," [197]
"Seas" of moon, [197], [206]
Seasons on earth, [174–175];
on Mars, [211]
Secondary bodies, [26]
Seneca, [95], [260]
Septentriones, [291]
Serenitatis, Mare, [205]
"Seven Stars," [291]
"Shadow Bands," [69]
Shadow of earth, circular shape of, [62–64]
Shadows on moon, inky blackness of, [202]
Shakespeare, [259], [293]
Sheepshanks Telescope, [119]
"Shining fluid" of Sir W. Herschel, [328]
"Shooting Stars." [See Meteors]
Short (of Edinburgh), [114]
"Showers, Sea of," [197]
Sickle of Leo, [270–271], [296]
Siderostat, [118]
Silver, [145]
Silvered mirrors for reflecting telescopes, [116]
Sinus Iridum, [197]
Sirius, [280], [282], [284–285], [288–290], [297], [303–304], [320];
companion of, [303];
stellar magnitude of, [289]
Size of celestial bodies, how ascertained, [59]
Skeleton telescopes, [110]
Sky, international photographic survey of, [290–291];
light of the, [323]
Slipher, E.C., [213], [222]
Smithsonian Institution of Washington, [98]
Snow on Mars, [213]
Sodium, [122], [124], [254]
Sohag, [95]
Solar system, [20–21], [29–31];
centre of gravity of, [42];
decay and death of, [344]
Somniorum, Lacus, [197]
Sound, [125], [166], [331]
South pole of heavens, [163], [285], [298–299]
Southern constellations, [298–299]
Southern Cross. [See Crux]
Space, [328]
Spain, early astronomy in, [107];
eclipse tracks across [93], [97–98]
Spectroheliograph, [140]
Spectroscope, [120], [122], [124–125], [144–145], [212], [231];
prominences first observed with, [94], [140], [236]
Spectrum of chromosphere, [132–133];
of corona, [133];
of photosphere, [132];
of reversing layer, [132], [137];
solar, [122–123], [127], [132]
Speculum, [111], [116];
metal, [112]
Spherical bodies, [29]
Spherical shape of earth, proofs of, [158–161]
Spherical shapes of sun, planets, and satellites, [160]
Spiral nebulæ, [314–316], [337–338]
Spring balance, [166]
Spring tides, [192]
Spy-glass, [108]
"Square of the distance," [43–44]
Stannyan, Captain, [90]
Star, mass of, how determined, [305];
parallax of, first ascertained, [173], [280]
Stars, the, [20], [124], [126], [278] et seq.;
brightness of, [287], [320];
distances between, [326–327];
distances of some, [173], [280], [320];
diminution of, below twelfth magnitude, [324];
evolution of, from nebulæ, [317–318];
faintest magnitude of, [288];
number of those visible altogether, [324];
number of those visible to naked eye, [288]
"Steam cracks," [221]
Steinheil, [118]
Stellar system, estimated extent of, [325–327];
an organised whole, [327];
limited extent of, [322–328], [330];
possible disintegration of, [329]
Stiklastad, eclipse of, [88]
Stone Age, [285]
Stoney, G.J., [202], [222]
Stonyhurst Observatory, [100]
Story of the Heavens, [271]
Streams of stars, Kapteyn's two, [284]
Stroobant, [196]
Stukeley, [91]
Sulphur, [145]
Summer, [175], [178]
Sun, [Chaps XII]. and [XIII.];
as a star, [124], [278], [289];
as seen from Neptune, [246], [304];
chemical composition of, [144–145];
distance of, how ascertained, [151], [211];
equator of, [135–136], [139];
gravitation at surface of, [129], [138–139];
growing cold of, [343–344];
mean distance of, from earth, [47], [211];
motion of, through space, [282–286], [326];
not a solid body, [136];
poles of, [136];
radiations from, [130];
revolution of earth around, [170–173];
stellar magnitude of, [288–289];
variation in distance of, [66], [178]
Sunspots, [34], [125], [134–137], [140–141], [143–144], [308];
influence of earth on, [144]
Suns and possible systems, [50], [286]
Superior conjunction, [147–149]
Superior planets, [22], [146], [209–210], [229]
Swan (constellation). [See Cygnus]
Swift, Dean, [224]
"Sword" of Orion, [297], [316]
Syrtis Major. [See Hour Glass Sea]
"Systematic Parallax," [326]
Systems, other possible, [50], [286]
Tails of comets, [182]
Tamerlane, [107]
Taurus (constellation), [103], [296–297], [307]
"Tears of St. Lawrence," [273]
Tebbutt's Comet, [257–258]
Telescope, [33], [55], [107–108], [149];
first eclipse of moon seen through, [104];
of sun, [90]
Telescopes, direct view reflecting, [114];
gigantic, [111];
great constructors of, [117–118];
great modern, [117–118]
Tempel's Comet, [274]
Temperature on moon, [203];
of sun, [128]
Temporary (or new) stars, [310–314]
Tennyson, Lord, [109], [296], [334]
Terrestrial planets, [229–230]
Terrestrial telescope, [117]
Thales, Eclipse of, [84]
Themis, [240]
"Tidal drag," [180], [188], [208], [344]
Tide areas, [179–180]
Tides, [178–180], [338–339]
Time Machine, [344]
Tin, [145]
Titan, [240]
Titius, [245]
Total phase, [71–72]
Totality, [72]; track of, [66]
Trail of a minor planet, [226–227]
Transit, [62], [150–154];
of Mercury, [62], [151], [154];
of Venus, [62], [151–152], [154], [211]
Trifid Nebula, [316]
Triple stars, [300]
Tubeless telescopes, [110–111], [243]
Tubes used by ancients, [110]
Tuttle's Comet, [274]
Twilight, [167], [202]
Twinkling of stars, [168]
Twins (constellation). [See Gemini]
Tycho Brahe, [290], [311]
Tycho (lunar crater), [204]
Ulugh Beigh, [107]
Umbra of sunspot, [134–135]
Universe, early ideas concerning, [17–18], [158], [177], [342]
Universes, possibility of other, [330–331]
Uranus, [22–24], [31], [210], [243], [245], [275];
comet family of, [252];
discovery of, [22], [210], [243];
rotation period of [34], [245];
satellites of, [26], [245];
"year" in, [35–36]
Ursa Major (constellation), [279], [281], [291], [295], [314];
minor, [177], [279], [293–294]
Ursæ Majoris, (ζ) Zeta. [See Mizar]
Variable stars, [307–310]
Variations in apparent sizes of sun and moon, [67], [80], [178]
Vault, shape of the celestial, [194–196]
Vega, [177], [278], [280], [282–283], [285], [290], [294], [302], [307], [323]
Vegetation on Mars, [221], [217–218];
on moon, [205]
Venus, [20], [22], [31], [71], [90], [108–109], [111], [Chap. XIV.], [246], [311];
rotation period of, [34], [155]
Very, F.W., [314]
Vesta, [225], [227]
Violet (rays of light), [121–122], [125]
Virgil, [19]
Volcanic theory of lunar craters, [203–204], [214]
Volume, [38]
Volumes of sun and planets compared, [38–39]
"Vulcan," [25]
Wallace, A.R., on Mars, [220–223]
Water, lack of, on moon, [201–202]
Water vapour, [202], [213], [222]
Wargentin, [103]
Warner and Swasey Co., [117]
Weather, moon and, [206–207]
Weathering, [202]
Webb, Rev. T.W., [204]
Weight, [43], [165–166]
Wells, H.G., [344]
Whale (constellation). [See Cetus]
Whewell, [190]
Willamette meteorite, [277]
Wilson, Mount, [118]
Wilson, W.E., [313]
"Winged circle" (or "disc"), [87]
Winter, [175], [178]
Witt, [227]
Wolf, Max, [226–227], [232]
Wright, Thomas, [319], [334]
Wybord, [89]
Xenophon, [101]
Year, [35]
"Year" in Uranus and Neptune, [35–36]
Year, number of eclipses in a, [68]
"Year of the Stars," [270]
Yellow (rays of light), [121–122], [124]
Yerkes Telescope Great, [117], [303]
Young, [94], [137], [166]
Zenith, [174]
Zinc, [145]
Zodiacal light, [181]
Zone of asteroids, [30–31], [227]
THE END
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