[1103] H. Maine, loc. cit.
[1104] De moribus Germanorum, xx.
[1105] Laboulaye, Recherches sur la condition civile et politique des femmes, etc., pp. 166, 167.
[1106] A. Giraud-Teulon, loc. cit., pp. 41, 42.
[1107] McLennan, Primitive Marriage, p. 101.
CHAPTER XX.
MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY IN THE PAST, THE PRESENT, AND THE FUTURE.
I. The Past.—Sociology and evolution—Sociology and scientific method—The biological reason of marriage and the family—Primitive forms of marriage—Its evolution—Consanguineous primitive groups—The evolution of the family—The stages of this evolution—From communism to individualism—Advantages of the primitive clan—Polygamy and statistics of births.
II. The Present.—Present marriage in Europe—The dangers of celibacy according to A. Bertillon—They marry who can—Imperfect categories of celibates—Money and matrimony—Selection by money—Marriages by purchase.
III. The Future.—Prehistoric peoples still surviving—Progress is the law of the world—The meaning of matrimonial and familial evolution—Sociological rhythms—Future collective societies—The family and society—Progress of conjugal discord—The marriage of the future—Herbert Spencer and Montaigne—Slowness of social evolutions—Conservatives and innovators—Nothing dies; everything is renewed.