[379]. Appendix to the Secret Proceedings and Debates of the Federal Convention (1821, Albany).
[380]. Records of the New York Loan Office in the Treasury Department.
[381]. See above, p. 75, n. 3.
[382]. See above, p. 124. Livingston’s holdings are problematical.
[383]. The fact that a few members of the Convention, who had considerable economic interests at stake, refused to support the Constitution does not invalidate the general conclusions here presented. In the cases of Yates, Lansing, Luther Martin, and Mason, definite economic reasons for their action are forthcoming; but this is a minor detail.
[384]. A great deal of this valuable material has been printed in the Documentary History of the Constitution, Vols. IV and V; a considerable amount has been published in the letters and papers of the eminent men of the period; but an enormous mass still remains in manuscript form. Fortunately, such important papers as those of Washington, Hamilton, Madison, and others are in the Library of Congress; but they are not complete, of course.
[385]. From this point of view, the old conception of the battle at Philadelphia as a contest between small and large states—as political entities—will have to be severely modified. See Professor Farrand’s illuminating paper on the so-called compromises of the Constitution in the Report of the American Historical Association, 1903, Vol. I, pp. 73 ff. J. C. Welling, “States’ Rights Conflict over the Public Lands,” ibid. (1888), pp. 184 ff.
[386]. The Federalist, No. 73.
[387]. See J. A. Smith, The Spirit of American Government.
[388]. See Noah Webster’s consideration of the subject of government and property; Ford, Pamphlets on the Constitution, pp. 57 ff.