Fig. 98.—Sandpapering Panel
Work.
(For explanation, see text.)
(D.) In sandpapering panel work, as in Fig. 98, the panels (a) should be smoothed, scraped, and sandpapered, and the edges of the stiles (b), rails (d), and muntins (e) should be treated the same way before the panel work is put together; an exception to this in regard to the panels may be made if the panel frame is constructed in such a way as to allow the panels to be put in place after it is together, in which case the panels may be smoothed at any time. Upon very fine work the panels are sometimes polished before being put in place, as it is difficult for the finisher to work into the corners after the panels are in place. After the faces of the stiles, rails, and muntins have been planed and scraped, they should be sandpapered in the order named, working with the sandpaper over a sharp-cornered block close to the edges of the pieces, being careful not to drag the paper over the face of the pieces which join at right angles. The stiles, rails, and muntins should be sandpapered in the order in which they are mentioned. If the sandpaper runs over the rails a little when sandpapering the muntins, or over the stiles when sanding the rails, it will do no harm, as a couple of light, careful strokes parallel with the grain will be sufficient to remove any scratches which may be made.
In sanding mahogany, or any wood of which the grain rubs up, make the strokes in one direction only, instead of back and forth. Sometimes wax is rubbed in to hold the grain down upon cheap work, but this is not recommended, as that place will not take the stain or the finish like the rest of the wood. A very thin coat of shellac is used for the same purpose; this is less objectionable, but should be avoided if possible.
Suggestive Exercises
65. Of what material is glue made? Describe briefly the process of making glue. What kind of glue is best for general work? Is ground glue always reliable? What is the chief advantage in its use? Is high-priced glue always the best for all purposes? What should be the appearance of good glue? How should it act in cold water? When cut with a knife? When broken? Compare the amount of water absorbed by a good and a poor glue. How should a glue pot be constructed? What will be the result if the glue pot boils dry? Describe brushes suitable for use in gluing. What kind of bark makes a good brush for small work? How is it prepared for use?
66. Describe the condition of glue when ready for use. What tool is used to increase the strength of the joint? In preparing for gluing, what preparations should be made? How should wood be treated for use in gluing up wood of a greasy nature?
67. Describe the manufacture of sandpaper. What is used for sand? How select sandpaper?
68. For what kind of work is sandpaper numbers 00 and 0 used? Numbers 1/2 and 1? What number of sandpaper is used upon general work? What will be the result if sandpaper is kept in a damp place, or becomes wet? What should be the size of the piece of sandpaper used upon flat surfaces, and for general work? How should moldings be sandpapered? What should be guarded against in working around sharp corners? Should sandpaper be carried with or across the grain? What exceptions? How should panel work be sandpapered? How should panels and the edges of stiles, rails, and muntins be treated before gluing up? How should sandpaper be used upon grain which rubs up? How are panels sometimes treated upon fine work? Why?