The Clitoris.—The clitoris is an erectile structure analogous to the erectile tissue of the penis. The free extremity is a small, rounded, extremely sensitive tubercle, called the glans of the clitoris. About the clitoris there forms a whitish substance called smegma. This is a good culture medium for germs and must be carefully sponged away when the vulva is prepared for delivery.
The Vestibule.—The vestibule is bounded by the clitoris above, the labia minora on the sides, and the vaginal orifice below. It contains the opening of the urethra, which is called the meatus urinarius.
The Hymen.—The hymen is a thin fold of membrane which closes the vaginal opening to a greater or lesser extent in virgins. It varies much in shape and consistency. It is sometimes absent, or it may persist after copulation, hence its presence or absence can not be considered a test of virginity. When torn, the edges shrink up and form little irregularities called carunculæ myrtiformes.
Fig. 7 A.—Varieties of hymen. (American Text Book.)
Bartholin Glands.—Bartholin glands are located on each side of the commencement of the vagina. Each gland discharges by a small duct just external to the hymen. They are often the seat of a chronic gonorrhœal inflammation and must be watched carefully, lest infection extend to the mother after labor, or to the eyes of the child in passing.
Fig. 7 B.—Varieties of hymen. (American Text Book.)
The Perineum.—The perineum is a body of muscle, fascia, connective tissue, and skin, situated between the vagina and the rectum. The vagina bends forward and the rectum backward, so a triangular area is left between them which is filled by the perineal body. It is about two inches long from before backward, and becomes progressively thinner the deeper it extends.
