The Footprints of Time / And a Complete Analysis of Our American System of Government, with a Concise History of the Original Colonies and of the United States, in Chronological Order

by Charles Bancroft

CHAPTER LXXI.
CENSUS STATISTICS.

Population of the United States and Territories from 1790 to 1870.

Transcriber’s Note: Some of the figures in this table are unreadable and are represented by X. Several copies of the book were checked and all have the same printing error. Later editions use different figures in that column and can’t be relied on to fill in the missing data.

States.	Where Settled.	1790	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	Slaves in 1790	Slaves in 1860
Alabama	Mobile	——	——	——	127901	309527	590756	771623	964201	996988	——	435132
Arkansas	Arkansas Post	——	——	——	14255	30388	97574	209897	435450	483179	——	111104
California	Monterey	——	——	——	——	——	——	92597	379994	560285	——	——
Connecticut	Windsor	238141	251202	262042	275102	297675	309978	370792	460147	537418	2759	——
Delaware	Cape Henlopen	59096	64273	72674	72749	76748	78085	91532	112215	125015	8887	1798
Florida	St. Augustine	——	——	——	——	34730	54477	87445	140425	187756	——	61753
Georgia	Savannah	82548	162101	252433	340983	516823	691392	906185	1057286	1200609	29264	462232
Illinois	Kaskaskia	——	——	12282	55102	157445	476183	851470	1711951	2539638	——	——
Indiana	Vincennes	——	4875	24520	147178	343031	685866	988416	1350428	1673046	——	——
Iowa	Dubuque	——	——	——	——	——	43112	192214	674913	1191802	——	——
Kansas	Fort Leavenworth	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	107206	362872	——	——
Kentucky	Boonesboro	73077	220955	406511	564135	687917	779828	982405	1155684	1321001	11830	225490
Louisiana	Iberville	——	——	76556	152923	215739	352411	517762	708002	XXXX731	——	333010
Maine	York	96540	151719	228705	98269	399455	501793	583169	628279	XXXX463	——	——
Maryland	St. Marys	319728	341584	380546	407350	447040	470019	583034	687049	XXXX806	103036	87188
Massachusetts	Plymouth	378718	423245	472040	523159	610408	737699	994514	1231066	1XXXX351	——	——
Michigan	Detroit	——	——	4762	8765	31639	212267	397654	749113	1184296	——	——
Minnesota	Fort Snelling	——	——	——	——	——	——	6077	172173	435511	——	——
Mississippi	Natchez	——	8850	40352	75448	136621	375651	606526	791305	834170	——	436696
Missouri	St. Genevieve	——	——	20845	66577	140455	383702	682044	1182012	1715000	——	114965
Nebraska	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	28841	123000	——	——
Nevada	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	6857	42491	——	——
New Hampshire	Dover	141899	183762	214360	244022	269328	284574	317976	326073	318300	158	——
New Jersey	Bergen	184139	211949	245555	277426	320823	373306	489555	672035	905794	11423	——
New York	Albany	340120	586756	959049	1372111	1918608	2428921	3097394	3880735	4364411	21324	——
North Carolina	Roanoke River	393751	478103	555500	638829	737987	753419	869039	992622	1069614	100572	331081
Ohio	Marietta	——	45365	230760	581295	937903	1519467	1980329	2339511	2662214	——	——
Oregon	Astoria	——	——	——	——	——	——	13294	52465	90922	——	——
Pennsylvania	Delaware Co.	434373	602361	810091	1047507	1348233	1724033	2311786	2906115	3515993	3787	——
Rhode Island	Providence	69110	69122	77031	83015	97199	108830	147545	174620	217356	952	——
South Carolina	Port Royal	249073	245591	415115	402741	581185	594398	668507	703708	728000	107194	402541
Tennessee	Fort Loudon	35791	105602	261727	422761	681904	829210	1002717	1109801	1257983	3417	275784
Texas	Matagorda	——	——	——	——	——	——	212592	604215	797500	——	180682
Vermont	Brattleboro	85416	154465	217713	235749	280652	291948	314120	315098	330552	——	——
Virginia	Jamestown	748308	880200	974622	1065129	1211405	1239797	1421661	1246690	1224830	}293427{	472516
West Virginia	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	349628	445616		18371
Wisconsin	Pr. du Chien	——	——	——	——	——	30945	305391	775881	1055167	——	——
Territories.
Arizona	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	9,658	——	——
Colorado	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	36,538	39,706	——	——
Dakota	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	2,576	14,181	——	——
Idaho	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	14,998	——	——
Montana	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	20,594	——	——
New Mexico	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	61,547	83,009	91,852	——	——
Utah	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	11,380	40,699	86,786	——	——
Washington	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	11,168	23,901	——	——
Wyoming	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	——	9,118	——	——
Dist. of Columbia	——	——	14,093	24,023	33,039	39,834	43,712	51,687	75,080	131,706	——	——

Total population in	1790	3,929,827
”	1800	5,305,937
”	1810	7,239,814
”	1820	9,638,131
”	1830	12,866,020
”	1840	17,069,453
”	1850	23,191,876
”	1860	31,747,514
”	1870	38,538,180
To which add Indians and others in Indian territory, not included in Census		304,192
Grand total in 1870		38,842,372

Note.—Returns of the colored population of the United States received at the Census Office show a total in all the States and Territories of 4,857,000, being an increase of 9.35-100 per cent. since 1860. The State of Georgia has the largest colored population; Virginia, Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina, North Carolina and Louisiana follow next in order.

As shown in the last census (1870), the seven leading States rank, according to population, as follows: (1) New York; (2) Pennsylvania; (3) Ohio; (4) Illinois; (5) Missouri; (6) Indiana; (7) Massachusetts. Thus four out of the seven most populous States are “new States;” that is, they were not included in the original “thirteen.” In 1789, the four States at the head of the list were: (1) Virginia; (2) Pennsylvania; (3) North Carolina; (4) Massachusetts. At present, Virginia (if the State had not been divided) would have ranked in the seventh place, or next after Indiana. In absolute increase of inhabitants, Pennsylvania heads the list of the old States in the last decade: and the total population of said State is about equal to that of the thirteen States of Connecticut, Arkansas, West Virginia, Minnesota, Kansas, Vermont, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Florida, Delaware, Nebraska, Oregon and Nevada. The aggregate population of the six New England States of Massachusetts, Maine, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Vermont and Rhode Island falls considerably short of that of Pennsylvania. The States west of the Mississippi, including the Pacific States, have about one-sixth of the whole population of the United States.

The ratio of increase in population from 1790 to 1800 was 35.02 per cent.; from 1800 to 1810, 36.45 per cent.; from 1810 to 1820, 33.13 per cent.; from 1820 to 1830, 33.49 per cent.; from 1830 to 1840, 32.67 per cent.; from 1840 to 1850, 38.57 per cent.; from 1850 to 1860, 37.75 per cent.; from 1860 to 1870, 22.34 per cent. Supposing the increase during this decade (since 1870) to be 30 per cent. there would be in 1875 nearly 45,000,000 inhabitants. We have reason to suppose it to be at least 35 per cent. This, in 1880, would give 52,437,192.